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Understanding Feudalism and the Manorial System in Medieval Europe

Explore the political and economic systems of Feudalism and the Manorial System in the Middle Ages, including roles of nobility, knights, serfs, and freemen.

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Understanding Feudalism and the Manorial System in Medieval Europe

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  1. 1/6 Focus: -Feudalism is a form of government that started in the middle ages. -Feudalism occurs when there is a weak central government • Important Terms: • Feudalism, Obligation • Do Now: • Why was the Early Middle Ages known as the Dark Ages?

  2. The Middle Ages Feudalism Manor System

  3. Medieval Society • Kings and Queens • Rulers • Nobility • Lords and Knights • Controlled the land • Clergy • Church officials • Peasants • Majority of the population • Worked the land and served the nobles

  4. Feudalism • Political and social system based on the granting of land in exchange for loyalty, military assistance, and other services

  5. Feudalism • Developed as a result of frequent invasions in western Europe • Kings and nobles needed a way to protect their lands

  6. Feudalism • Lords divided their lands into estates called fiefs • Fiefs (land) given to vassals • A person granted land in return for loyalty or military service • All nobles were vassals to the king

  7. Feudalism • Knights • Mounted warriors who protected lord’s lands • Given land for their services • Chivalry • Code of ethics followed by knights • Honesty, fairness in battle, loyal, proper treatment of women

  8. Feudal Obligations Knights Obligation to Lord Lord’s Obligation to Knights Give Land Protect from attack Resolve disputes between knights • Provide military service • Remain loyal and faithful • Give money on special occasions

  9. Constructing the Pyramid Feudal Power SERFS AND FREEMEN

  10. Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

  11. Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power POWERFUL NOBLES LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

  12. Constructing the Pyramid of Feudal Power KING LOYALTY AND SERVICE LAND POWERFUL NOBLES LAND AND PROTECTION LOYALTY AND MILITARY SERVICE LESSER NOBLES (KNIGHTS) LABOR PROTECTION SERFS AND FREEMEN

  13. Closure • Explain why feudalism developed in western Europe. • What was a knight’s obligation to the lord? • What was the lord’s obligation to the knight?

  14. 1/7 Focus: -The basis for the medieval economy was the Manorial System, an economic system centered around a lord’s manor, or estate. • Important Terms • Manor, Tithe, Freeman • Do Now: • What political conditions often allows for the development of feudalism? • Why did feudalism develop in Western Europe

  15. Manorial System • An economic system in the Middle Ages that was built around large estates called manors • Included a village and the land surrounding it

  16. Manorial System • Manors were self sufficient • Most things needed for daily life were produced on the manor

  17. Manorial System • Serfs • Peasants who lived and worked on the lord’s manor • Were not allowed to leave the manor or marry without the lord’s permission • Were allowed to farm on the manor in return for work • Lords were required to protect the serfs

  18. Manorial System • The life of a serf was harsh • Worked long hours • Peasants pay taxes to use mill and bakery; pay a tithe to the priest • Tithe—a church tax—is equal to one-tenth of a peasant’s income • few lived past 35 years old • Based on heredity • You were a serf if you parents were

  19. Manorial System • The Harshness of Manor Life • Peasants pay taxes to use mill and bakery; pay a tithe to priest • Tithe—a church tax—is equal to one-tenth of a peasant’s income • Serfs live in crowded cottages with dirt floors, straw for beds • Worked long hours • raising crops, livestock; feeding and clothing family • Poor diet, illness, malnutrition make life expectancy 35 years • Serfs generally accept their lives as part of God’s plan

  20. Manorial System • Freemen • skilled workers who paid rent to nobles and could leave the manor • Ex. Blacksmith and millers

  21. Manorial System • Everyone owed loyalty to the ________ • Nobles were near the top of the social hierarchy . They got _______ from the king. • Lesser nobles (knights) gave _________ _________ in return for land • _______ were bound to the land. They worked in return for ____________. • __________ were skilled workers. They paid rent to the ______ and were free to move if they wanted to. Let’s see how much you remember!

  22. Check Your Answers • Everyone owed loyalty to the king. • Nobles were near the top of the social hierarchy. They got land from the king. • Lesser nobles (knights) gave militaryservice in return for land. • Serfs were bound to the land. They worked in return for protection. • Freemen were skilled workers. They paid rent to the nobles and were free to move if they wanted to.

  23. Closure • What was the Manorial System • How were manors self sufficient?

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