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McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Program

Learn about the McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Program, its history, and its key provisions. Discover how this program promotes equal opportunity, provides support to homeless liaisons, and offers sub-grant funding to local educational agencies. Understand the policies and procedures outlined under the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) that aim to remove enrollment and retention barriers for homeless students. Explore strategies for identifying homeless children and youth, including outreach, coordination activities, and enrollment procedures. Gain insights into the rights of undocumented children and youth to attend public schools.

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McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Program

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  1. McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Program McKinney-Vento 101 2017

  2. McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act • Originally signed into law in 1987 • 1990 amendment – educational success • 1994 amendment – school choice • Reauthorized in 2001 • Equal Opportunity • Homeless Liaisons • Sub-Grant Funding • Reauthorized in 2015 – Every Student Succeeds Act • Multiple amendments will be noted in the presentation as strikethrough and additions.

  3. ESSA Timeline

  4. Policies & Procedures SEAs and LEAs must develop, review and revise their policies to remove barriers to the enrollment and retention of children and youth in homeless situations, including barriers to enrollment and retention due to outstanding fees or fines, or absences. [722(g)(1)(I)] • Immediate enrollment of homeless students, regardless of missing documentation. • Transportation is provided to & from the “school of origin.” • Homeless children and youths are not stigmatized or segregated on the basis of their status as homeless.

  5. Policies & Procedures States are prohibited from segregating homeless students in separate schools, separate programs within schools, or separate settings within schools. [722(e)(3)(A)] Local educational agencies will designate an appropriate staff person, able to carry out the duties described in (6)(A), who may also be a coordinator for other Federal programs, as a local educational agency liaison for homeless children and youths, [722(g)(1)(J)(ii)] Refer to “Liaison Duties” handout for additional information. https://cms.azed.gov/home/GetDocumentFile?id=5818d01baadebe0d5c1efaa3

  6. Identification Each local education agency liaison for homeless children and youths shall ensure that … (i) homeless children and youths are identified by school personnel through outreach and through coordination activities with other entities and agencies… [722(g)(6)(A)(i)]

  7. Identification The term ‘homeless children and youth’ (A)means individuals who lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. [725(2)(A)] • Fixed – one that is stationary, permanent, and not subject to change • Regular – one which is used on a regular (i.e. nightly) basis • Adequate – one that is sufficient for meeting both the physical and psychological needs typically met in home environments.

  8. Identification • Housing is (1) temporary and (2) due to hardship OR • Housing is substandard or considered inadequate within the context OR • Unaccompanied Youth

  9. Identification The term ‘homeless children and youth’ (A) Includes – • Children and youth who are sharing the housing of other persons due to loss of housing, economic hardship, or similar reason; are living in motels, hotels, trailer parks, or camp grounds due to lack of alternative adequate accommodations; are living in emergency or transitional shelters; are abandoned in hospitals; or are awaiting foster care placement. The deletion of “or are awaiting foster care placement” goes into effect on December 10, 2016

  10. Identification (ii) Children and youths who have a primary nighttime residence that is a public or private place not designed for or ordinarily used as a regular sleeping accommodation for human beings. (iii) Children and youths who are living in cars, parks, public spaces, abandoned buildings, substandard housing, bus or train stations, or similar settings; and (iv) Migratory children who qualify as homeless for the purposes of this subtitle because the children are living in circumstances described in clauses (i) through (iii). [725(2)(A-B)(i-iv)]

  11. Identification The term ‘unaccompanied youth' includes a homeless child or youth not in the physical custody of a parent or guardian. [725(6)]

  12. Identification Strategies • Enrollment procedures • Questionnaire (examples of ADE Homeless page) • Interviews • Building awareness with all staff • Bus drivers • Teachers • Cafeteria workers • Etc. • Coordination with agencies • Local State Agencies • Police & Fire Stations • Shelters • Refugee Resettlement

  13. Identification Undocumented children and youth have the same right to attend public primary and secondary schools as U.S. citizens and are covered by the McKinney-Vento Act to the same extent as other children and youth. Plyler v. Doe [457 U.S. 202 (1982)] “It is well established that states cannot exclude children who are undocumented immigrants from public schools, Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982), and Proposition 200 does not attempt to do so.” • AG I04-010 http://www.ag.state.az.us/opinions/2004.html

  14. Identification • Primary Nighttime Residence Definitions: • Sheltered: Students living in temporary shelters, such as homeless shelters, domestic violence shelters, or transitional housing programs, or temporary foster care placements. • Doubled Up: Students temporarily sharing the housing of other persons (friend or relatives) due to loss of housing, economic hardship, or a similar reason. • Unsheltered: Student living in abandoned buildings, campgrounds, and vehicles, inadequate trailer parks, bus and train stations, substandard housing or abandoned in the hospital. • Hotel/Motel: Students temporarily living in a hotel or motel due to lack of alternative adequate accommodations.

  15. Enrollment Each local education agency liaison for homeless children and youths shall ensure that… (ii) homeless children and youths enroll in, and have a full and equal opportunity to succeed in, schools of that local education agency. [722(g)(6)(A)(ii)]

  16. Enrollment • Immediate • Even without • Birth certificates • Not required, per ARS 15-828 • School records • Not required, per ARS 15-828 • Immunization • Exempt for 5 calendar days, • per ARS 15-872 subsection H • Children and youth have the right to enroll in school immediately, even if they do not have required documents, such as school records, medical records, proof of residency, or other documentsare unable to produce records normally required for enrollment, such as previous academic records, records of immunizations and other required health records, proof of residency, or other documentation; or has missed application or enrollment deadlines during any period of homelessness. [722(g)(3)(C)(i)(I-II)]

  17. Enrollment Enroll students immediately and then follow up on details, disputes, etc. If a student does not have immunizations, or immunization or medical records, the liaison must immediately assist in obtaining them, and the student must be enrolled in school in the interim. [722(g)(3)(C)(iii)] Enrolling schools must obtain school records from the previous school, and students must be enrolled in school while records are obtained. [722(g)(3)(C)(ii)] Schools must maintain records for students who are homeless so they are available quickly. [722(g)(3)(D)]

  18. Enrollment • School Selection • Parent or Guardian Choice to the following • School of Origin • School of Residency Note: Charters DO HAVE “School of Origin” responsibilities.

  19. Enrollment • School Selection • School of Origin • The term school of origin' means the school that the child or youth attended when permanently housed or the school in which the child or youth was last enrolled, including preschool. [722(g)(3)(G)(I)(i)] • When the child or youth completes the final grade level served by the school of origin, as described in clause (i), the term “school of origin” shall include the designated receiving school at the next grade level for all feeder schools. [722(g)(3)(I)(ii)] • School of Residency • The school designated for the attendance area in which the student currently resides.

  20. Enrollment School Stability Local Educational Agencies (LEAs) must keep students in homeless situations in their school of origin, to the extent feasible, unless it is against the parent’s or guardian’s wishes. In determining best interest, the LEA shall: • Presumethat keeping the student in the school of origin is in the student’s best interest. • Unless contrary to the request of the parent, guardian,or unaccompanied youth. • Consider student-centered factors, including the impact of mobility on achievement, education, health, and safety. • Give priority to the parent’s/guardian’s request. • Give priority to the youth’s request (in the case of an unaccompanied youth).[722(g)(3)(B)(i-ii)]

  21. Enrollment School Stability • Students can stay in their school of origin the entire time they are homeless, and until the end of any academic year in which they move into permanent housing.[722(g)(3)(A)(i)] [722(g)(3)(A)(i)(II)]

  22. Enrollment • Dispute Resolution • The student must be immediately admitted to the school of choice while the dispute is being resolved. • Liaisons must ensure unaccompanied youth are immediately enrolled while the dispute is being resolved. • Whenever a dispute arises, the parent or guardian must be provided with written explanation of the school’s decision, including the right to appeal the decision. • Liaisons must inform unaccompanied youth of their right to appeal the school’s decision. • The school must refer the child, youth, parent, or guardian to the school liaison to carry out the dispute resolution process as expeditiously as possible. Arizona’s State Plan, Item #3

  23. Enrollment • State Level Appeal If dissatisfied with the resolution, he/she may appeal the decision to the state level. The appellant must submit a written “State Level Notice of Appeal” and copy of the LEA’s decision to the Homeless Education Coordinator no later than seven (7) work days after receiving written notification of the district level or inter-district decision. Copies of all paperwork filed with the Homeless Education Coordinator shall be provided to all other parties to the proceeding. Within seven (7) work days, convene a panel of at least two (2) Arizona Department of Education employees. This panel shall review the entire record of the dispute, including any written statements submitted, and make a determination based on the child or youth’s best interest. The determination of the panel shall be final.

  24. Educational Services Each local education agency liaison for homeless children and youths, designated under paragraph (1)(j)(ii), shall ensure that – Homeless families, children, and youths have access to andreceive educational services for which such families, children, and youths are eligible, including Head Start and Even Start programsearlyintervention (IDEA Part C)and preschool programs administered by the local educational agency, and referrals to health care services, dental services, mental health services, and other appropriate services; [722(g)(6)(A)(iii)] Homeless families and homeless children and youths receive referrals to health care service, dental services, mental health services and substance abuse services, housing services, and other appropriate services. [722(g)(6)(A)(iv)]

  25. Educational Services • Title I • A child or youth who is homeless and is attending any school in the district is automatically eligible for Title I services. [1115(b)(2)(E)] • This includes support services and supplemental educational programs such as tutoring, summer school, preschool, etc. • Free and Reduced Breakfast/Lunch • For LEAs with National School Lunch Programs • As of 2002, USDA policy permits liaisons to obtain free school meals for students by providing a list of names of students experiencing homelessness with dates. • This became law with The Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 • http://naehcy.org/dl/usda_sp4.pdf

  26. Educational Services • English Acquisition Services/ELL • Migrant • Gifted • Counseling • Head Start Liaisons must ensure that families and children receive Head Start programs and preschool programs. [722(g)(6)(A)(iii)] • Preschool • Special Education (if eligible)

  27. Statewide Services • http://www.arizonaselfhelp.org • http://www.azfoodbanks.org/ • http://www.cir.org

  28. Public Notice Each local education agency liaison for homeless children and youths, designated under paragraph (1)(j)(ii), shall ensure that – The parents or guardians of homeless children and youths are informed of the educational and related opportunities available to their children and are provided with meaningful opportunities to participate in the education of their children; [722(g)(6)(A)(v)] Public notice of the educational rights of homeless children and youths is disseminated in locations frequented by parents or guardians of where such children and youths, and unaccompanied youth, receive services under this Act such asincludingschools, family shelters, public libraries, and soup kitchens, in a manner and form understandable to the parents and guardians of homeless children and youths, and unaccompanied youths; [722(g)(6)(A)(vi)]

  29. Public Notice • ADE Requirements • Once Upon Enrollment • Twice Annually • Posters • Newsletters • Pamphlet • Handbook • Website • In schools & in community • Notification needs to be made to all parents not just the homeless parents.

  30. Public Notice Available in English & Spanish from: http://www.serve.org/nche/products.php

  31. Transportation Each local education agency liaison for homeless children and youths, designated under paragraph (1)(j)(ii), shall ensure that – The parent or guardian of a homeless child or youth, and any unaccompanied youth, is fully informed of all transportation services, including transportation to the school of origin, and is assisted in accessing transportation to the school that is selected… [722(g)(6)(A)(viii)]

  32. Transportation • Provided to and from the School of Origin • If feasible (in the “best interest” of the student) • At request of parent/guardian/youth • Local educational agencies (LEAs) must provide students experiencing homelessness with transportation to and from their school of origin, at a parent’s or guardian’s request, including until the end of the year when the student obtains permanent housing. [722(g)(1)(J)(iii)] Note: Charters have School of Origin responsibilities

  33. Transportation • School of Origin & School of Residency are dually responsible. If the homeless child's or youth's living arrangements in the area served by the local educational agency of origin terminate and the child or youth, though continuing his or her education in the school of origin, begins living in an area served by another local educational agency, the local educational agency of origin and the local educational agency in which the homeless child or youth is living shall agree upon a method to apportion the responsibility and costs for providing the child with transportation to and from the school of origin. If the local educational agencies are unable to agree upon such method, the responsibility and costs for transportation shall be shared equally. [722(g)(1)(J)(iii)(II)]

  34. Transportation The method of transportation is an LEA decision, but it must be appropriate for the student and family. • School bus • Smaller school bus • Public bus passes or tokens • Reimburse parent for mileage • Activity vans • Taxi service • Van service

  35. Accountability • Data Collection • All LEAs • Number of Homeless Children & Youth • Primary Nighttime Residence • Do not use “Unknown”

  36. Accountability • ADE ESEA 6-Year Compliance Monitoring • ALEAT Cycle 1 & 4: All compliance areas • Homeless Education Policy • Current LEA Homeless Education Policy which includes required components: Immediate Enrollment; HCY are not stigmatized or segregated; and transportation is provided at parent request. • Homeless Education Liaison • HCY Public Notice Locations (Template) • HCY Reservation of Funds (Template) • Identification Procedure • Staff Training on Homeless (Template) • Homeless Education Dispute Procedure • Current LEA Dispute Resolution Procedure. Template available as starting point in development of the LEA dispute resolution procedure.

  37. Funding McKinney-Vento Sub Grants • McKinney-Vento • Grant Awards • FY02 $ 578,982.00 • FY03 $ 828,784.00 • FY04 $ 827,848.00 • FY05 $1,111,293.00 • FY06 $1,215,871.00 • FY07 $1,262,092.00 • FY08 $1,245,604.00 • FY09 $1,187,280.00 • FY10 Stim $1,618,216.00 • FY10 $1,494,986.00 • FY 11 $1,364,296.00 • FY 12 $1,402,919.00 • FY 13 $1,330,033.00 • FY 14 $1,372,486.00 • FY 15 $1,422,929.00 • FY 16 $1,416,334.00 • FY 17 $1,519,858.00 • FY 18 $1,701,414.00 General Funds Title IA Set-Asides

  38. Funding • Title I-A Set-Asides • LEAs are required to set aside .5% (half of a percent) of their Title I allocations, or $100, whichever is greater, to meet the needs of HCY. A local educational agency shall reserve such funds as are necessary under this part to provide services comparable to those provided to children in schools funded under this part to serve homeless children who do not attend participating schools, including providing educationally related support services to children in shelters and other locations where children may live; [1113(c )(3)(A)] https://cms.azed.gov/home/GetDocumentFile?id=58011f89aadebe02fc0379f1

  39. Contact Information Alexis Clermont, M. Ed State Coordinator for Homeless Education 1535 W. Jefferson Bin #2 Phoenix, AZ 85007 (602) 542-4963 Fax: 602-542-5175 alexis.clermont@azed.gov Joanne McCoy Homeless Administrative Support (602) 364-1971 Joanne.mccoy@azed.gov Homeless Inbox homeless@azed.gov Arizona Department of Education Website: https://www.azed.gov/homeless/

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