Initial Problems Pieces

1. Initial Problems Pieces Develop Understanding of Coupling Early Catalog of Expected Waveforms at Circuit Terminals Incorporate into Topological Models

2. Short-Term ProblemsWires and Slots • Obtain useful information quickly – 10 months • Develop understanding of coupling mechanisms • Assess influence of wires and slots on waveforms • Catalog waveforms that can be expected at a pin of a digital system

3. Wire Excited through Slot

4. Wire through Hole

5. Wires Coupled through Slot

6. Slot Excited Wire between Plates

7. Wire through Holes in Parallel Plates

8. Short-Term ProblemsCascaded Coaxial Cavities • Obtain useful information quickly – 12 months • Develop understanding of coupling mechanisms involving cascaded cavities • Assess influence of cascaded cavities on waveforms • Catalog waveforms that can be expected at the terminus of a chain of cascaded cavities

9. EffectsofPropagationPathonTransientSignal – Cascaded Cavities

10. EffectsofPropagationPathonTransientSignal – Cascaded Cavities with Load

11. Wire in Cascaded Cavities Loaded by Disk

12. Open Wire in Cascaded Cavities Loaded by Disk

13. Coupling into Cascaded Cavities

14. Coupling into Cascaded Cavities

15. Coupling into Cascaded Cavities

16. Short-Term ProblemsFast Time-Domain Methods Development • Fast time-domain integral equation methods for inhomogeneous material regions • Hybrid circuit theory -- TDIE analysis • TDIE analysis for slowly varying (in time) fields • Accurate TDIE for weak penetration through apertures

17. Proposed Effort (Year 1): Algorithms and Implementations • Develop PWTD enhanced TDIE solvers with material capability (6 mo.) • Interface PWTD enhanced TDIE solvers with SPICE-like circuit solver (12 mo.) • Develop “low frequency” stable PWTD / TDIE solver (12 mo.) • Hybridize loop/star/tree and time Galerkin schemes (Industry strength implementation)

18. Proposed Effort (Year 1): Demonstration of Capabilities • Analyze coupling into a nonlinear circuit (amplifier) in a realistic enclosure (12 mo.) • Geometry: Slots, cavities, pins, nonlinear circuitry. • Demonstrates all capabilities of solver • Validation: through comparison to FDTD solution. cavity slot circuitry boards + pins

19. Short-Term ProblemsFast Frequency-Domain Methods Development • Fast frequency-domain integral equation methods for exterior-to-interior coupling problem – specialization of existing codes • Fast frequency-domain integral equation methods for very low frequencies (for FFT) • Fast hybrid methods -- specialization • Serve as checks of other more specialized analyses

20. Airborne Transmitter Lightening PEDS Ground-based or ship-board Transmitter EMI Threat to Aircraft Systems Picture from NASA-Langley External Threat Internal Threat • Coupling from other Aircraft Systems • Natural Environmental Effects • (Lightening, Static Electricity) • Man Made Sources External to the aircraft • (High Intensity Radiated Fields - HIRF) • Portable Electronic Devices (PEDS) carried by passengers

21. Penetration through Loaded Slots and Cracks • Most typical coupling occurs through slots and cracks • Closed form expressions will be developed for various 2D slots and 3D straight slots by analogy to wire scattering • Develop an understanding of good shielding practices and relative levels of penetration among the various slots geometries • Develop methods for equivalent circuit extraction

22. Coupling though Slots in Loaded Structure • Develop general purpose frequency domain techniques for coupling into loaded geometries • Validation of other techniques

23. Short-Term ProblemsApplication of EIGER • Obtain useful information quickly – 12 months • Develop understanding of coupling mechanisms involving moderately complex structures • Use as a quick check on more problem-specific analyses • EIGER will also be used for longer-term complex problems

24. EIGER May Be Used for General-Purpose EM Calculations and Code Validation • EIGER is a general-purpose EM modeling code being developed jointly by U. Houston Navy (SPAWAR) Lawrence Livermore Nat’l Lab Sandia Nat’l Labs • Special purpose codes are likely to be needed to efficiently obtain the desired parameters in some cases. • We anticipate using EIGER to obtain initial results,validate new codes, and perform general EM modeling.

25. EIGER Takes A “Next Generation” Approach to Computational Electromagnetics Object-oriented philosophy • Maintainability, extendibility, availability Current development efforts: U. Houston, U. Washington, Brigham Young, Virginia Tech • A rich set of features allows treatment of complex problems using appropriate optimal combination of techniques • Applicable to a wide variety of EM problems (antennas, RF, EMI, EMC, RCS, etc.) • Eiger can serve as “computational kernel” for special purpose applications, like FSSBuild, a periodic phased array and FSS analysis interface • High performance computing (HPC) capability incorporated into design

26. Elements Elements Expansions Expansions Excitation Solvers Generality allows one to select the right treatment for each part of a complex problem ... edge treatment Green’s Func. Excitation Boundary Conditions Solvers Operators aperture coupling rotational symmetry

27. 0.6 m - + 0.36 m 0.4 m MURI-Related ExampleConducting Wire with 50  Loads, Terminated on Interior Walls of an Conducting Box with Two Apertures, Excited by a Voltage Source

28. A Variety of Boundary Conditions are Required: • Aperture • Conducting surface • Wire • Terminating loads

29. A Combination of Element, Excitation, and Current Types is Needed Element types: triangles quadrilaterals wires Possible excitation types: interior: voltage source exterior: plane wave Current types: two-sided element, single-sided element, wire element,