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Cities & Urban Land Use. Early Cities. Which of the following was not an area where early civilizations and the first cities begin? Thames River area (Britain) Nile River Valley (Egypt) Tigris and Euphrates River Valley (Mesopotamia) Indus River Valley (India)
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Early Cities • Which of the following was not an area where early civilizations and the first cities begin? • Thames River area (Britain) • Nile River Valley (Egypt) • Tigris and Euphrates River Valley (Mesopotamia) • Indus River Valley (India) • Yangzi and Yellow (Huang) River Valleys (East Asia)
Early Cities • Which of the following was not an area where early civilizations and the first cities begin? • Thames River area (Britain) • Nile River Valley (Egypt) • Tigris and Euphrates River Valley (Mesopotamia) • Indus River Valley (India) • Yangzi and Yellow (Huang) River Valleys (East Asia)
Site and Situation: influence the origin, function and growth of cities Site * absolute location of a city * a city’s static location, often chosen for trade, defense, or religion. Situation * relative location of a city * a city’s place in the region and the world around it.
Early Cities • Urban Hearth Areas • Follows the same pattern as agricultural hearth areas • Areas: Mesopotamia, Indus Valley, Huang He River Valley, Egypt, & MesoAmerica • First Urban Revolution • Leadership class developed • Population of cities was 10,000-15,000 • Ancient Cities were centers of religion, power & economics
Classical Cities: Diffusion of Urbanization Athens – pop. 250,000 • A global city, rather than regional • Had acropolis & agora Rome • Combine acropolis & agora = forum • Urban Morphology- form & structure of cities, incl. street patterns, size and shape
Which of the following was among the largest cities in the world around the end of the first millennium (1000 AD)? • Baghdad • London • New York • Rome • Paris
Which of the following was among the largest cities in the world around the end of the first millennium (1000 AD)? • Baghdad • London • New York • Rome • Paris
Medieval Cities • Europe – Decreased in size and importance
Colonial Cities • Colonial • Cities on coast • “Deliberately established or developed as administrative or commercial centers by colonial or imperial powers” (Knox 404) • Gateway Cities – “serve as a link between one country or region and others because of their physical situation” (Knox 400)
Which of the following was most directly responsible for the acceleration of urbanization in the 1800s in Europe and North America? • Drought conditions in Eastern Europe that stimulated westward migration • The colonization of the Western Hemisphere • The Protestant Revolution • The Industrial Revolution • Increasing competitiveness of China in world trade
Which of the following was most directly responsible for the acceleration of urbanization in the 1800s in Europe and North America? • Drought conditions in Eastern Europe that stimulated westward migration • The colonization of the Western Hemisphere • The Protestant Revolution • The Industrial Revolution • Increasing competitiveness of China in world trade
Industrialization • Second Urban Revolution prompted by second revolution in agriculture • Increased urbanization • Location choice based solely on power source • Industrial Cities – fundamental reason for existence was to simply assemble, fabricate & distribute manufactured goods • Urban Sprawl – unrestricted growth of housing, commercial developments and roads • Transportation and Communication have facilitated urbanization (articulation)
U.S. Urban Growth Stages (Borchert) Sail-Wagon Epoch Iron-Horse Epoch
U.S. Urban Growth Stages Steel-Rail Epoch Auto-Air-Amenity Epoch
Top US airports for Regional Flights United/American Merger: Routes
According to John Borchert, the Steel-Rail Epoch in the evolution of the American metropolis occurred between • 1790 and 1830 • 1830 and 1870 • 1870 and 1920 • 1920 and 1960 • 1960 and present
According to John Borchert, the Steel-Rail Epoch in the evolution of the American metropolis occurred between • 1790 and 1830 • 1830 and 1870 • 1870 and 1920 • 1920 and 1960 • 1960 and present
