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Food Policy Research in NYC: What do we know? Where do we need to go?

This research examines various food policy initiatives in NYC, including calorie labeling, fresh food financing, sugary beverage portion cap, taxes, and labeling. The study evaluates their impact on food purchasing behavior and child BMI, highlighting areas for further research and potential strategies for the next Mayoral administration.

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Food Policy Research in NYC: What do we know? Where do we need to go?

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  1. Food Policy Research in NYC: What do we know? Where do we need to go? Brian Elbel, PhD, MPH Assistant Professor of Population Health and Health Policy Director, Section on Health Choice, Policy, and Evaluation Department of Population Health

  2. Calorie Labeling • Many see labels, some even report using them. • But, no population-level changes of note in calories purchased. • Clear limits to the policy. Could they work along with other initiatives in in the longer term? Funded by RWJF Healthy Eating Research 65634; NIH/NHLBI R01HL095935

  3. Fresh Food Financing Initiatives NYC’s “Food Retail Expansion to Support Health (FRESH)” • 90%: Shop for groceries in supermarket • 35%: Reported noticing a new store in their neighborhood • No change: fruit and vegetables consumed, “unhealthy” snack food consumed • At least for the community as a WHOLE • Funded by Aetna Foundation 4036366 and RWJF Healthy Eating Research 68236

  4. Sugary Beverage Portion Cap • Funded by NIH/NIDDK R01 DK099241, NYSHealth Foundation 12-01682 and RWJF 70823

  5. Taxes and Different Labeling • 26%: Increase in purchasing a healthier item with a tax • No difference among taxation conditions • 15%: Increase in purchasing a healthier item with labeling • Relative effectiveness of smallish tax versus more effective label? Funded by NYU CTSA UL1TR000038 from (NCATS), NIH

  6. Impact of the Food Environment on Child BMI • True, causal impact of food environment on BMI illusive • Combining NYC FITNESSGRAM data with food environment data • Child fixed effects: What happens to BMI as healthy and less healthy food stores open and close • Census tract fixed effects: Fine-grained differences in food resources within the same census tract • Home and school food environment, modeled together Legend Fast food restaurant Fast food restaurants/tract Funded by NIH/NIDDK R01 DK097347

  7. Thoughts: Priorities for research and/or to guide the next Mayoral administration • We don’t yet have (the) solution(s) • Think beyond “traditional” policy levers • RANDOMIZE? • Multiple solutions, same place • Aggressive patience

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