"Teaching Energy and the Environment with a Geoscience Perspective"

1. "Teaching Energy and the Environment with a Geoscience Perspective" Edward Stermer Illinois Central College

2. PHYSC 110: Energy and the Environment This course provides students not majoring in science with an opportunity to study world energy and environmental problems while learning basic concepts of physical science. What is Physical Science? Physics Chemistry Earth Science

3. 1970’s 1980’s 2000 1990’s The Evolution of PHYSC 110 ??????

4. The Students • 87% needed a physical science course to fulfill their degree requirements. • focus of study: education, business, fire science • 74% took this course because they are interested in energy/environmental issues. • 53% agreed with the following statement: “The thought of taking a science course scares me.” • 41% are uncomfortable with math.

5. Energy: Its Use and the EnvironmentHinrichs and Kleinbach 1. Introduction. 2. Energy Mechanics. 3. Conservation of Energy. 4. Heat and Work. 5. Home Energy Conservation and Heat-Transfer Control. 6. Solar Energy: Characteristics and Heating. 7. Energy from Fossil Fuels. 8. Air Pollution and Energy Use. 9. Global Warming, Ozone Depletion, and Waste Heat. 10. Electricity: Circuits and Superconductors. 11. Electromagnetism and the Generation of Electricity. 12. Electricity from Solar, Wind, and Hydro. 13. The Building Blocks of Matter: The Atom and Its Nucleus. 14. Nuclear Power: Fission. 15. Effects and Uses of Radiation. 16. Future Energy Alternatives: Fusion. 17. Biomass: From Plants to Garbage. 18. Tapping the Earth's Heat: Geothermal Energy. 19. A National and Personal Commitment.

6. Energy: Its Use and the EnvironmentHinrichs and Kleinbach 1. Introduction. 2. Energy Mechanics. 3. Conservation of Energy. 4. Heat and Work. 5. Home Energy Conservation and Heat-Transfer Control. 6. Solar Energy: Characteristics and Heating. 7. Energy from Fossil Fuels. 8. Air Pollution and Energy Use. 9. Global Warming, Ozone Depletion, and Waste Heat. 10. Electricity: Circuits and Superconductors. 11. Electromagnetism and the Generation of Electricity. 12. Electricity from Solar, Wind, and Hydro. 13. The Building Blocks of Matter: The Atom and Its Nucleus. 14. Nuclear Power: Fission. 15. Effects and Uses of Radiation. 16. Future Energy Alternatives: Fusion. 17. Biomass: From Plants to Garbage. 18. Tapping the Earth's Heat: Geothermal Energy. 19. A National and Personal Commitment.

7. Why use a Geoscince Perspective? • Overlooked aspect of Physical Science • Fundamental to the understanding current energy and environmental issues • Student Interest and Engagement Geology Is Cool!!!

8. A Geoscience Perspective • The Earth behaves as a system

9. The Earth System Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere

10. The Carbon Cycle Weathering Evaporation Carbon In Atmosphere Carbon In Ocean Water Carbon In Rocks Dissolution Volcanic Eruptions Decomposition Respiration Photosynthesis Combustion Plants Phytoplankton “Biomass” Soil Marine Sediment “Organic Matter” Fossil Fuels Lithification Consumption Boxes are carbon sinks Arrows are carbon fluxes

11. A Geoscience Perspective • The Earth behaves as a system • A geological sense of time and change

12. Present Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary K-T Extinction 65 Cretaceous Reptiles Mesozoic Jurassic Triassic Permian Extinction 248 Permian Phanerozioc Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician Shells Cambrian Cambrian Explosion 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian 4,600

13. Carbon Cycle Ocean Subcycle Short Term 10’s - 100’s of Years Rock Subcycle Long Term Millions of Years Carbon In Atmosphere Carbon In Ocean Water Carbon In Rocks Fossil Fuel Subcycle Short Term 10’s of Years Plants Phytoplankton Soil Marine Sediment Fossil Fuels Fossil Fuel Subcycle Long Term Millions of Years Biological Subcycle Short Term Days - Years

14. A Geoscience Perspective • The Earth behaves as a system • A geological sense of time and change • The geologic past provides a window to the future.

15. “History may not repeat itself, but it sure does rhyme.” - Mark Twain

16. Present Mega mammal Extinction Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary K-T Extinction 65 Cretaceous Reptiles Mesozoic Jurassic Triassic Permian Extinction 248 Permian Phanerozioc Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician Shells Cambrian Cambrian Explosion 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian 4,600

17. Present ICE AGE Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary Cretaceous Reptiles Mesozoic Jurassic Triassic Permian Phanerozioc Plants Amphibians ICE AGE Pennsylvanian Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician ICE AGE Shells Cambrian 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian ICE AGE 4,600

18. Climate change Computer Models

19. A Geoscience Perspective • The Earth behaves as a system • A geological sense of time and change • The geologic past provides a window to the future • Fossil Fuels are rare in the geologic time.

20. Present Quaternary Mammals Birds Pet Cenozoic Tertiary Coal Pet Cretaceous Pet Reptiles Mesozoic Jurassic Triassic Pet Permian Phanerozioc Coal Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian Mississippian Pet Paleozoic Devonian Fish Pet Silurian Ordovician Shells Cambrian 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian 4,600

21. Formation of Petroleumand the Earth System Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere

22. A Geoscience Perspective • The Earth behaves as a system • A geological sense of time and change • The geologic past provides a window to the future • Fossil Fuels are rare in the geologic time. • Fossil fuel resources are finite and are limited by geology • The amount of energy resources that humans can recover is limited by technology which is limited by natural laws

23. A Geosciences Perspective • The Earth behaves as a system • A geological sense of time and change • The geologic past provides a window to the future. • Fossil Fuels are rare in the geologic time. • Humans are influencing the earth system at an ever increasing rate.

24. Welcome to the Anthropocene

25. Present ANTHROPOCENE Quaternary Mammals Birds Cenozoic Tertiary K-T Extinction 65 Cretaceous Reptiles Mesozoic Jurassic Triassic Permian Extinction 248 Permian Phanerozioc Plants Amphibians Pennsylvanian Mississippian Paleozoic Devonian Fish Silurian Ordovician Shells Cambrian Cambrian Explosion 540 Algae Bacteria Precambrian 4,600

26. The Use of Fossil Fuelsand the Earth System Atmosphere Biosphere Hydrosphere Geosphere

27. A Geosciences Perspective • The Earth behaves as a system • A geological sense of time and place • The geologic past provides a window to the future. • Fossil fuel resources are finite and are limited by geology (not technology). • Humans are influencing the earth system at an ever increasing rate. • The Evidence is in the Field “GET OUTSIDE”

28. A Sense of Adventure!!!

29. Peoria Geology

30. An Class Framework The Coming Storm Fossil Fuel based Society

31. How did We Get to This Spot • A Sense of Time • Energy and Society • Science and Technology

32. How Does the Ship Work? • Energy and Power • Conservation of Energy • Atomic Theory • Thermodynamics • Solar Energy • Electricity Energy • Generation of Electricity • The Earth System

33. What Fuels the Ship? • The Carbon Cycle • Fossil Fuels • Illinois Coal* • Petroleum • Gasoline and Refining • Nuclear Power

34. P T t t The Waters are Becoming Choppy and a Storm is Brewing on the Horizon • The Atmosphere • Air Pollution • Climate • Illinois Ice Ages* • Climate Change • Peak Oil

35. How do We Change Course? • Solar Heating Systems • Geothermal Heat • Electricity from Solar • Wind Electricity* • Biofuels • Carbon Sequestration and FutureGen