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Research in Emerging Areas: Defense and Homeland Security

This research focuses on the use of biometrics in defense and homeland security, exploring the performance, security, and social impact of automated biometric systems. It also examines the challenges and implications of technological maturity in the field.

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Research in Emerging Areas: Defense and Homeland Security

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  1. Research in Emerging Areas: Defense and Homeland Security Larry Hornak Co-Director, CITeR, West Virginia University NSF I/UCRC 2003 Annual Meeting Washington, DC, January 8-9 2004 CITeR http://www.citer.wvu.edu Center for Identification Technology Research An NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) in the area of Biometrics

  2. Outline • Biometrics • CITeR evolution in the context of Homeland Security. • Federal Organizations as Members and Partners in Center growth CITeR http://www.citer.wvu.edu Center for Identification Technology Research An NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) in the area of Biometrics

  3. Automated Biometric Systems Automated biometric systems rapidly capture a physiological “signature” of an individual (template), compare this signature to one or more previous records, and renders a match score for each comparison. • Ideally a biometric is unique, universal, collectable, and permanent in a user population. • Fingerprint, Iris, Face, Hand Geometry, Voice, Signature • Threshold score for a positive match is determined by population statistics and the application. ???

  4. Biometric Identification System Application Biometrics is an enabling technology for establishing trust and privacy in a global, networked society, enabling individuals to both securely project and protect their identity. Biometric Systems, properly implemented, provide a means • For an individual to tightly bind his/her physical presence with his/her actions (Authentication), or • To determine whether an unidentified individual is among a group (Identification).

  5. Research Challenges What are issues central to the viability of automated biometric system design? • Performance – Impact on Design and Implementation, FAR/FMR, FRR/FNMR Testing • Circumvention – Can the system be spoofed? • Acceptance – Perhaps the single most important issue for Biometric systems Highly interdisciplinary – EE, CpE, CS, Statistics, Law, Sociology, Public Policy…

  6. CITeR’s Origin • Planning Efforts began in 1999. • Organization: Virtual Multi-university • Original Target Membership – 1st: A biometrics industry and systems integrators serving an IT need for authentication that is tightly bound to the user, 2nd: DoD, criminal justice, government. • Planning Conference Fall 2000. • Began formally as NSF I/UCRC with Center award in Dec 2001. Key government, industry member advocates. CITeR http://www.citer.wvu.edu Center for Identification Technology Research An NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) in the area of Biometrics

  7. CITeR’s Evolution By 2002, both membership and portfolio reflected shift in biometrics community (suppliers and end-users) post 9-11: • Government memberships more than doubled – multiple NSA organizations, TSA, FBI, DoD. • Government members became partners. • Increased interest by systems integrators. • Portfolio emphasized scaling, performance modeling, multibiometrics, security, and acceptance / public policy. CITeR http://www.citer.wvu.edu Center for Identification Technology Research An NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) in the area of Biometrics

  8. CITeR’s Evolution By Fall 2002 Members’ Meeting … • Specific projects have evolved to a level where increased funding levels are required for the next step in the work. • Given critical needs of the community, members opted to continue to support a spectrum of projects, rather than focus on limited areas with concentrated funding. • Members support a “seeding” concept of center activity. Promote the Center seeking larger awards to bring specific work initiated in the Center to the next level. CITeR http://www.citer.wvu.edu Center for Identification Technology Research An NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) in the area of Biometrics

  9. CITeR Information Technology Research (ITR) Pending Award • Major NSF Cross-Directorate Program • $3.2M Four-year program proposed • Funded through NSF by DHS. Year one award pending ($800K) CITeR http://www.citer.wvu.edu Center for Identification Technology Research An NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) in the area of Biometrics

  10. CITeR ITR Proposal Theme • In the emerging age of ubiquitous computing and pervasive IT, biometrics enables the trust and privacy which are prerequisites to a free society. Biometrics – Performance, Security, and Social Impact L. A. Hornak, B. Cukic, and H. Singh West Virginia University A. Jain Michigan State University S. Schuckers Clarkson University L. S. Nelson University of Pittsburgh M. Schuckers St. Lawrence University

  11. Task 1:Performance Evaluation Framework St. Lawrence, Clarkson, Michigan St., WVU Collaborative Research Domain Task 4: Implications of Technological Maturity Univ. of Pittsburgh, WVU Shared Expertise & Results. Coordinated Data Collection Task 2: Reduction of Performance Barriers:Multibiometrics and Liveness Det.Clarkson, Michigan State, WVU Task 6:Realization of Broader Impacts:Outreach, Education, and Dissemination. WVU & all institutions Task 5: Biometric System DesignMethodologies. WVU, U. of Pittsburgh Task 3: Societal Impact Study Univ. of Pittsburgh, U of Michigan Survey Center Joint Multibiometric Database • NSF ITR Project Roadmap and Task Flow Plan Leverages • CITeR’s collaborative relationships • CITeR’s Research Activity Base

  12. Value to CITeR Membership • Research leverages past projects and feeds future portfolio directions. • Frees-up funding pool resources and stimulates new innovation • ITR Showcase Sessions: ITR research updates given at public sessions of CITeR Conferences. • Co-located with biannual CITeR Meetings • Reporting & input on research directions • Rapid access to and understanding of research products

  13. Role of Federal Org. Members as Partners in Development of Emerging Areas • Relative stability of federal memberships • Typically longer-term research view • Insight into federal research needs. • Become partners in Center growth as Center helps them achieve their organization’s goals. • Spread word within the government of Center Research activities and successes. • Serve an advocacy role for the Center in government circles.

  14. Questions and Discussion CITeR http://www.citer.wvu.edu Center for Identification Technology Research An NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) in the area of Biometrics

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