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Ground-Based FMCW Radar Measurements: NASA CLPX Data Summary

Summary of FMCW radar data from NASA's Cold Land Processes Field Experiment, covering theory, signal processing, calibration, and data analysis for snowpack studies.

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Ground-Based FMCW Radar Measurements: NASA CLPX Data Summary

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  1. H.P. Marshall Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, Univ. of Colorado Gary Koh, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Lab, New Hampshire Rick Forster, Department of Geography, University of Utah Ground-Based FMCW radar measurements: a summary of the NASA CLPX data

  2. Brief FMCW Theory I + =

  3. Linear frequency chirp transmitted (T) Received signal (R) “mixed” with transmitted wave before signal acquisition Recorded signal contains the sum and difference frequencies from T + R Frequency differences from reflectors linearly related to the distance to target Brief FMCW Theory II

  4. Windowed FFT, zero-padded, normalized by DC-coupling, power from surface calibration

  5. Filter instrumentation-related signals • Locations where mean of signal > 5x mean deviation found • Mean trace at these depths subtracted from scan

  6. Depth Calibration • Metal reflectors placed at known depths • Accurate depth scale, will also be used to calculate attenuation

  7. Michigan Ridge, North Park, Feb 21,2003

  8. Berthud Pass, February 22, 2003

  9. Relationship of FMCW signal manual measurements

  10. Density profile vs radar

  11. In-situ Dielectric Properties

  12. In-situ Dielectric Properties II

  13. LSOS Feb 19, 2002, C-Band: 2-6 GHz DRY SNOWPACK

  14. LSOS Feb 19, 2002, X-Band: 8-12 GHz DRY SNOWPACK

  15. LSOS Feb 19, 2002, Ku-Band: 14-18 GHz DRY SNOWPACK

  16. LSOS March 26, 2002, C-Band: 2-6 GHz WET SNOWPACK

  17. LSOS March 26, 2002, X-Band: 8-12 GHz WET SNOWPACK

  18. LSOS March 26, 2002, Ku-Band: 14-18 GHz WET SNOWPACK

  19. Effect of incidence angle

  20. Effect of incidence angle II

  21. FMCW signal strongly related to in-situ dielectric measurements Resolution highest at Ku-Band, but little penetration if wet Incidence angle measurements indicate surface scattering dominates below ~15 deg and volume scattering above 30 Preliminary comparison with FMCW measurements at more narrow bandwidths encouraging Conclusions

  22. Acknowledgements NASA Earth System Science Fellowship CRREL Kelly Elder, Don Cline Nate Mullheren

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