A Vision for Carbon Cyberinfrastructure

1. A Vision for Carbon Cyberinfrastructure LA-UR-05-0207 Paul M. Rich, Gordon N. Keating, Thomas L. Riggs, Marc S. WitkowskiLos Alamos National Laboratory, pmr@lanl.gov Timothy R. Carr and Jeremy BartleyKansas Geological Survey, tcarr@kgs.ku.edu

2. Overview I. The Vision II. Foundational Concepts What is carbon cyberinfrastructure? III. Cyberinfrastructure Design The knowlege base… IV. National Cyberinfrastructure Regional Partnerships, NatCarb… V. The Path Forward

3. Science-Based Prediction for Engineered Geologic Systems Analytical Chemistry Remote Sensing / GIS Repository Sciencefor CO2 Sequestration Monitoring, Measurement, & Assessment Materials Sciences; Theory Systems Engineering Separations Sciences Materials Sciences Novel Concepts novel membranes clathrates I. The Vision integration of all elements of carbon science (theory, data, experiments, and models) and decision support (analysis and visualization)

4. Regional Partnerships Phase I FutureGen IGCC+Geologic 1 repository; 1 site; 1 geology 2 million tons CO2/yr for 5 yrs Regional Partnerships Phase II Large-Scale Implementation many repositories per year multiple sites; multiple geologies up to billions tons CO2/yr FY20 FY05 FY10 FY15 Where Are We Going? Clean Energy H2 Coal CO2

5. II. Foundational Concepts

6. Web Server Map Server Field Worker Analyst Decision Maker Carbon Cyberinfrastructure Enterprise GIS as the "glue" Public Spatial Data Engine Knowledge Base Data Warehouse Model Warehouse MMV Remote Sensing System Dynamics Models Sensor Network Process Models Field Measurement Experiments

7. Cyberinfrastructure • integrated computing environment that provides access to carbon science information, models, problem solving capabilities, and communication • Elements: • knowledge base (digital libraries) • links to measurement, monitoring, and verification (MMV) • links to process models (data/model integration, model coupling) • links to higher-level integrative models (system dynamics) • links to decision support (analysis, visualization..)

8. Data Managers Database Data Providers GIS Users Source Applications • format • QA • metadata • architecture • management • backup • data delivery • access control • updates • derived data • change control Enterprise GIS Decision Support Data Integration Visualization 2D, 3D maps Analysis Modeling Geospatial Data Cycle Goal: complete, integrated work and data flows

9. III. Cyberinfrastructure Design

10. Knowledge Base digital libraries that link elements of carbon science and decision support Measurement, Monitoring, & Verification (MMV) Access and Decision Support Knowledge Base Data Warehouse Model Warehouse • Data Access • Data/model integration • Map-based analysis and visualization • Remote sensing • Sensor arrays / networks • Ground truth Process Models System Dynamics • National Carbon Atlas • MMV library • Model component archive (inputs, parameters…) • Scenario library • Physical models • Operations models • Scenario analysis • Integrated system behavior • Quick analysis

11. Knowledge Base • "Universal Translator", "Faithful Scribe", "Friendly Traffic Controller" • data warehouse provides access to shared data (National Carbon Atlas, MMV libraries...) • model warehouse provides access to model components (inputs, parameters...) and results (scenario libraries...) • "loose coupling" of all elements, including MMV, process models, system dynamics models, and decision support (analysis and visualization)

12. Decision Support: SACROC Project Borehole Integrity Modeling and CO2 Migration MMV Decision Tools • Analysis • Visualization ZERT Knowledge Base VenSim • CO2 Leakage • SACROC library • Borehole scenario library Experiments System Models Process Models • Economic analysis • Risk assessment GoldSim FLOTRAN FEHM • Mineralogy • Cement degradation • CO2 transport • Cement reaction • Stochastic analysis of leakage ZERT = Zero Emissions Research and Technology

13. IV. National Cyberinfrastructure

14. Regional Partnerships Regional characterization of carbon sequestration potential • GIS-based carbon sequestration atlas of sources and potential sinks (terrestrial and geologic) • decision support tools • also MMV technologies, capture technology, permitting guidelines, and outreach and education

15. NatCarb geoportal to national carbon atlas • web-based access to distributed map services, including carbon sequestration data and tools • based in ArcIMS™, with access using ArcSDE™ • queries across distributed database of regional partnerships • geographic information services (GIServices) include online tools for visualization and analysis (map viewer, pipeline cost estimation, emission estimates, sequestration estimates...)

16. Client Request NatCarb RDBMS Metadata for Partnerships National ArcIMS Regional ArcIMS Regional ArcIMS Regional OpenGIS RDBMS Shapefiles Shapefiles DBF NatCarb Design NatCarb coordinates client requests for data from regional partnership servers and returns integrated map images

17. V. The Path Forward • expand initial web-based data access and GIServices (NatCarb...) to build a complete national cyberinfrastructurethat integrates all elements of carbon science and decision support • formulate national carbon cyberinfrastructure plan with input from diverse stakeholders (academicians, government agencies, public...) and based on sound design (complete geospatial data cycle, enterprise GIS...) • complete national carbon atlas of sources, sinks, infrastructure... • incorporate model warehousing of model components and results • further develop knowledge base links for "loose coupling" among MMV, data, models, decision tools... • further develop decision support tools for analysis and visualization by diverse stakeholders (scientists, decision makers, public...) • ensure coordination of national efforts (Geospatial One-stop, National Map, North America Carbon Program, DOE Regional Partnerships, NatCarb...)

18. Conclusion • carbon cyberinfrastructure key to success of national carbon sequestration efforts • neglect increases risk of lost data, wasted resources and time, and high future cost to "retrofit", "backfill", and "salvage" • participation by scientific community (new paradigm) • benefits include access to reliable data and models, better integration, more effective science and engineering, and enhanced decision-making • knowledge base serves as the centerpiece that permits "loose coupling" of all elements of carbon science and decision support • need to formulate a visionary national carbon cyberinfrastructure plan based on sound design principles

19. Discussion • What are my carbon cyberinfrastructure needs? • data access, GIServices... • What is my responsibility in helping to build carbon cyberinfrastructure? • participation, data, metadata, communication... • How can the GIS community help me to contribute? • tools, services, training, communication...