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Introduction to Database Development

Introduction to Database Development. The Database The Data Base Management System (DBMS) Creating a Database Components of Applications Developing Databases. The Database. Components of database systems (Fig. 2-1) The database is processed by the DBMS.

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Introduction to Database Development

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  1. Introduction to Database Development • The Database • The Data Base Management System (DBMS) • Creating a Database • Components of Applications • Developing Databases

  2. The Database • Components of database systems (Fig. 2-1) • The database is processed by the DBMS. • The DBMS is used by both developers and users, either directly or indirectly via application programs.

  3. The database includes: • User’s Data (pg. 27,28) • Metadata: Description of the database structure (Fig. 2-2) • Overhead data e.g. indexes, linked lists, etc. (Fig. 2-3) • Application Metadata: Used to store the structure and format of user forms, reports, queries, and other application components.

  4. The DBMS • The Design Tools Subsystem • A set of tools to facilitate the design and creation of the database and its applications. • Run-time Subsystem • Processes the application components that are developed using the design tools.

  5. The DBMS Engine • Is the intermediary between the design tools and run-time subsystems and the data itself. • Translates the requests of the other two components into commands to the operating system to read or write data on physical media. • Also handles transaction management, locking, and backup and recovery.

  6. Creating the Database • Database schema defines a database’s structure, its tables, relationships, domains, and business rules. • Tables (Fig. 2-4, 2-5) • CAPTAIN(CAPTAIN_ID, CaptainName, Phone, Street, City, State, Zip) • ITEM(ITEM_ID, Quantity, Description, Date-Out, Date-In, CAPTAIN_ID) • Relationships e.g. One-to-many

  7. Domains: Set of values for a column Business Rules i.e., restrictions on actions Primary and Foreign keys

  8. Components of Applications • Forms (Fig. 2-6, 2-7) • User for easier and more user-friendly data entry. • Queries (Fig. 2-8, 2-9) • Querying the data to answer questions or to identify problems or particular situations. • Can be expressed using the data access language (SQL- Standard Query Language), or by using query-by-example (QBE)

  9. Reports (Fig. 2-10, 2-11) • Formatted displays (output) of database data. • Menus (Fig. 2-12) • Used to organize application components (command menu) • Application Programs (Fig. 2-13, 2-14)

  10. Developing Databases • Top-down development • From the general to the specific. Strategic goals -> Information requirements -> Necessary systems -> Data model • Bottom-up development • Begins with the need to develop a specific system. • Data Modeling • A model of the user’s data which identifies what to store in the database, their structure, and relationships among them.

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