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Understanding Tritium: Characteristics, Monitoring, and Safety Measures

Tritium is a radioactive isotope with a short half-life, emitting low-energy beta particles. Learn about its detection, dosimetry methods, and safety precautions to prevent contamination and exposure risks in labs.

jeannettecurtis
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Understanding Tritium: Characteristics, Monitoring, and Safety Measures

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  1. Tritium

  2. Characteristics • Radioactive half-life: 12.4 years • Decay mechanism: Beta emission • Energy: Emax = 18.6 keV Eavg = 6 keV • Contamination monitoring: Liquid scintillation counter for wipe surveys • Dosimetry: Urinalysis

  3. Detection Difficulty • Because the beta emitted has a very low energy, tritium can not be detected with the usual survey meters found in the lab. • Special care is needed to keep the work area from becoming contaminated. • Tritium can be detected by doing a wipe survey and counting the wipes in a liquid scintillation counter,

  4. Diffusiveness • Many tritiated compounds readily penetrate gloves and skin. • Wearing two pairs of gloves and changing the outer pair every fifteen or twenty minutes will reduce the chances of cross contamination and absorption through the skin

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