UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Dr. B. Nagamalleswara Rao Professor & Head

1. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ROOFTOP RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM(RRHS) FOR D-BLOCK OF VNRVJIET CAMPUS By • G.SandhyaRani (10071A0174) • J.SaiKiran (10071A0176) • K.Sravankumar (10071A0185) • B.Rani (11075A0117) • M.Mahesh (11075A0124) UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Dr. B. NagamalleswaraRao Professor & Head Department of Civil Engineering VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering &Technology, Bachupally, Nizampet (S.O), Hyderabad-500090, AP

2. CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. OBJECTIVES 3. LITERATURE REVIEW 4. METHODOLOGY 5. TIME SCHEDULE 6. APPLICATIONS 7. CONCLUSION 8. REFERENCES

3. 1.INTRODUCTION • Water is the most common or major substance on earth, covering more than 70% of the planets surface. The total amount of water on earth remains constant. • The rapid growth in population together with industrial development, are putting stress on the natural ecosystems. • Water supply mainly depends on the natural water bodies likes lakes and artificial water bodies like reservoirs etc. • Due to the Urbanisation and rapid growth in the population many lakes has been lost and the majority of the present were polluted . • This results in the imbalance of demand and supply of water. • To overcome supply shortages, many households, businesses and industries fall back on groundwater reserves. The number of bore wells increased.

4. This is leading to the fall in the ground water table. • One possible strategy could be the usage of rainwater in order to overcome the shortage of water. • Rain water harvesting means to make optimum use of rain water at the place where it falls i.e. conserve it and not allowing it to drain away. • The water can be used as drinking water, water for livestock, water for irrigation or to refill aquifers in a process called ground water recharge. • The rainwater falling on roof of residential buildings and institutions can be an important contribution to the availability of water. 1.INTRODUCTION

5. Hydrological cycle

6. ABSTRACT Roof water harvesting is being widely promoted as a panacea for the growing drinking water crisis in India and many underdeveloped and developing countries. This project analyzes the scope, physical feasibility and economic viability of roof water harvesting systems. The economic viability as a supplementary source of domestic water supply seems to be poor in urban areas, when compared to augmenting the supplies from the existing public systems. The incredibly low rates charged for domestic supplies by urban water utilities and government subsidies for RWHS would not only lead to the urban elite increasing their access to water supplies, while the burden on water utilities would remain unchanged. This will lead to greater inequities in access to water supplies. At the same time, in rural areas with dispersed populations and hilly areas, RWHS may be economically viable as a supplementary source to already existing public water supply schemes.

7. 2.OBJECTIVES Design of rain water harvesting system components. Implementation of rain water harvesting system in D Block of VNRVJIET campus Cost benefit analysis

8. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW ANIL AGARWAL (2013): Manual on Urban Rainwater Harvesting “Catch Water Where it Falls” KIRAN. A, NIKHIL. T, R HARISH, J KULKARNI (2012): Harvested Rain Water for Drinking- Research Paper. ROHITASHW KUMAR, THAMAN S, AGRAWAL G. and SHARMA POONAM(2011): Rain Water Harvesting and Ground Water Recharging in North Western Himalayan Region for Sustainable Agricultural Productivity- Research Paper. M. DINESH KUMAR, ANKIT PATEL(2005) : Rainwater Harvesting in the Water-scarce Regions of India potential and Pitfalls-Research paper ACHAYRA, B. P. (2004). Managing Water Sector Institution - HMWSSB Experience (Presentation). Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Hyderabad. SIVARAMAN , K.R. & THILLAI GOVINDARAJAN S.. (2003), Manual on Rainwater Harvesting. Chennai, Akash Ganga. ARIYABANDU R. D. S. (2003). Very-Low-Cost Domestic Roof Water Harvesting in the Humid Tropics: Its Role in Water Policy. Sri Lanka Domestic Roofwater Harvesting Research Programme.

9. 4. METHODOLOGY Collection of the building data. Collection of rainfall data of past 10 years. Design of RWHS components Implementation

10. COMPONENTS OF RWHS Drain Pipe • Roof Catchment • Drain pipes • Down pipes • First Flush Pipe • Storage Tank • Recharge Pit Storage tank • Down pipe • First Flush Pipe

11. DESIGN OF RWHS COMPONENTS 1.Roof catchment 2.Calculation of Volume of Runoff 3.Design of Rectangular Storage Tank 4.Design of Conduits 5.Design of Recharge Pit

12. DESIGN OF RWHS 1.Roof catchment: • The area of the roof from which the rain water is collected. • The total roof area of D block = 2351 m2

13. ROOF PLAN ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM

14. DESIGN OF RWHS 2.Calculation of Volume of Runoff: Area of catchment = 2351 m2 Annual average rainfall = 887 mm = 0.887m Runoff co-efficient = 0.85 Volume of runoff = area of catchment x annual average rainfall x runoff co-efficient = 2351 x 0.887 x 0.85 = 1773 m3/yr

15. DESIGN OF RWHS Average value of highest rainfall in rainy days = 94mm =0.094m Volume of Runoff = 2351 x 0.094 x 0.85 = 188 m3/day For economical design considering half of the discharge as volume of tank Volume of tank = 94 m3

16. DESIGN OF RWHS 3.Design of Rectangular Storage Tank: Assume depth of tank = 2m Area of tank = volume of the tank/depth = 94/2 = 47m2 = 50m2(approx.) Taking Length: Breadth ratio as 2:1 L = 2B 2B x B = 50 B = 5m L = 10m Storage Tank ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN METERS

17. EXISTING PIPE DETAILS

18. DESIGN OF RWHS 4.Design of Conduits: Taking diameter of pipe = 110mm = 0.11m Average value of highest rainfall in rainy days = 94mm =0.094m Taking number of pipes = 10 Volume of water that can be discharged through 10 pipes = 2351×0.094×0.85 = 188 m3/day Volume of water that can be discharged through each pipe = 188/10 = 18.8m3/day = 2.17×10-4 m3/sec

19. DESIGN OF RWHS 5.Design of Recharge Pit: The recharge pit is designed for one third of discharge Volume of recharge pit = 62m3 Assuming depth of recharge pit = 3m Area of the recharge pit = 62/3 = 20 m2 Taking Length: Breadth ratio as 2:1 L = 2B 2B x B = 20 B = 3.2m L = 6.4m ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MM

20. ESTIMATION & COSTING

25. ESTIMATION OF MATERIALS

30. COST FOR WORK AND MATERIALS

34. COST OF PROJECT Cost of the Project = Total Cost of work for storage tank + Total Cost of work for Recharge Pit + Cost of Materials Cost of the Project = Rs. 97882.6 + Rs. 16532.6+ Rs.240098.32 = Rs. 354513.52/- Cost of Tools and Plants =1.5% of Cost of Project =0.015 x 354513.52 = Rs.5317/- Cost of Contingence = 5% of Cost of Project = 0.05 x 354513.52 = Rs.17,725.68/- Cost of Work Charge Establishment =2% of Cost of Project = 0.02 x 354513.52 = Rs.7090.27/- Total Cost of Project = Cost of the Project + Cost of Tools and Plants + Cost of Contingence + Cost of Work Charge Establishment = Rs.4,48,459/-

35. COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

37. RAINFALL DATA

38. 5.TIMESCHEDULE

39. 6. APPLICATIONS To overcome the inadequacy of water to meet our demands. To arrest decline in ground water levels. To increase availability of ground water at specific place and time and utilize rainwater for sustainable development. To increase infiltration of rainwater in the subsoil which has decreased drastically in urban areas. To reduce the expenditure spent on water.

40. 7. CONCLUSION • Since VNR VignanaJyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology has no water supply through pipes, the institute has to buy the water through tankers. • Daily 1 tanker supply the water to the institute, each tanker costs Rs1000/-, having a capacity of 20,000 liters. It is taking Rs.4,48,459/- for total construction of tank and recharge pit. • The amount of money saved in each year through rain water harvesting is Rs.70,920. The amount spent will be recovered in 6.3 years. • In order to save the expenses to some extent on buying water this “Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting System” has been designed. • The water which we get from roof of the building during rainy days are collected and stored. • The water which is collected is set to re-use for gardening, flushing purposes so that the expenses can be reduced to some extent.

41. 8. REFERENCES ANIL AGARWAL (2013): Manual on Urban Rainwater Harvesting “Catch Water Where it Falls” KIRAN. A, NIKHIL. T, R HARISH, J KULKARNI (2012): Harvested Rain Water for Drinking- Research Paper. ROHITASHW KUMAR, THAMAN S, AGRAWAL G. and SHARMA POONAM(2011): Rain Water Harvesting and Ground Water Recharging in North Western Himalayan Region for Sustainable Agricultural Productivity- Research Paper. RAMACHANDRAIAH, C. (2007). Hyderabad’s Water Issues and the Musi River, Need for Integrated Solutions. Draft version of the Paper presented in the International Water Confe-rence, Berlin during 12-14 September 2007. ACHAYRA, B. P. (2004). Managing Water Sector Institution - HMWSSB Experience (Presen-tation). Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board, Hyderabad. SIVARAMAN , K.R. & THILLAIGOVINDARAJAN S.. (2003), Manual on Rainwater Har-vesting. Chennai, Akash Ganga. ARIYABANDU R. D. S. (2003). Very-Low-Cost Domestic Roof Water Harvesting in theHu-mid Tropics: Its Role in Water Policy.Sri Lanka Domestic Roofwater Harvesting Research Pro-gramme.

42. THANK YOU