Language:

1. Language: how we combine spoken\written words as we think and communicate

2. Language: how we combine spoken\written words as we think and communicate Warm up: Fill in the blanks __ __e __o__o__ __e__. __e__ i __ a __o__u__a__ __o__o__ i__ __u__a__ __u__ __u__e. I__ __a__ __ __ __ __o__i__e __o__e, __o__e__, __a__ __e__, __o__a__ __ __, o__ a__ e__e__ __e__ __ __. I__ i__ a __o__o__ __o__ __ __ __i__ __ __a__ a__ __ __a__e__ __i__e‘__ __a__. I__ __a__ __e a “__e__ __e__ __e__ __a__” o__ __ou __a__ “__e i__ __ __e __e__.” __ __ea__i__ __ __e__ __a__ __oo__ __ __ou__ __o__ __i__e__ __e.

3. Warm up: Fill in the blanks Th__ C__l__r R__d. R__d __s __ p__p__l__r c__l__r __n h__m__n c__lt__r__. __t c__n symb__l__z__ l__v__, p__w__r, d__ng__r, r__y__lty, __r __n __m__rg__ncy. __t __s __ c__l__r f__r Chr__stm__s __nd V__l__nt__n__’s D__y. __t c__n b__ __ “r__d l__tt__r d__y” __r y__ __ c__n “b__ __n th__ r__d.” W__ __r__ng r__d c__n b__ __st y__ __r c__nf__d__nc__.

4. Warm up: Fill in the blanks The Color Red. Red is a popular color in human culture. It can symbolize love, power, danger, royalty, or an emergency. It is a color for Christmas and Velntine’s Day. It can be a “red letter day” or your can “be in the red.” Wearing red can boost your confidence.

6. Language: Structure

7. Phonemes Morphemes Language: Structure smallest distinctive sound unit in language ex: ch (chug) vs th (thug) • Example: • how many phonemes and morphemes are in the word “cats” • Phonemes: Morphemes: 4: C, A, T, S 2: CAT, S smallest unit of language that carries meaning ex: prefixes (pre-) or suffixes (-ed)

8. Grammar system of rules that allows us to understand one another Semantics ex: Syntax ex: rules we use to order words into sentences rules to derive meaning from morphenes, words, sentences adding -ed to laugh means that it happened in the past adjectives before nouns: White House instead of Casa Blanca

9. gun The spy sees the police officer with the ______________ The spy sees the police officer with the _______________ binoculars

10. Language: Development

11. 4 months 10 months Language: Development Stage 1: Babbling 1 2 3 Babbling: random noises of all languages - can hear differences between noises 4 5 6 7 8 babbling shifts towards native language - only uses sounds that baby hears http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vQ64R0KKssc 9 10 11

13. 11 Stage 2: One word 12 12 months 13 14 Over Extension Under Extension 15 16 18 months 17 18 Whole Object Constraint 19 first word - one word means a sentence word concept is too broad word concept is too narrow word explosion - 20 per week assumption that word applies to entire object, rather than quality or part

15. 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Stage 3: Two Word (telegraphic) 24 months follows rules of syntax

17. Language: Acquisition Theories

18. Skinner Operant Learning association: Imitation: reinforcement: Chomsky Inborn Universal Grammar language acquisition device: Universal grammar: Language: Acquisition Theories language development is all about simple learning principles Given adequate nurture, language develops naturally our brain is designed to acquire language sights of things = sounds of words your word use = word use of others all languages have same building blocks smiles and hugs = use those words again!

19. Language: Acquisition Theories Statistical Learning and Critical Periods Critical Periods: childhood is designed to master language age 3 - deadline to start learning language without penalty age 7 - lose ability to master ANY language age 9 - learning second language will have accent

20. Language and Thinking

21. Whorf’s Linguistic Determinism Hypothesis Immersion Programs Visualization Language and Thinking language imposses different conceptions of reality