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C.W. Linac Options

C.W. Linac Options (talk not much different from talk at High Intensity Proton Accelerator Application Workshop, FNAL October-09 ). Milorad Popovic FNAL. Outline of Talk. Past, Ideas, Credits Present Near Future - Cost Dream. Just One Man’s Opinion, mostly Fermi centric view.

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C.W. Linac Options

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  1. C.W. Linac Options (talk not much different from talk at High Intensity Proton Accelerator Application Workshop, FNAL October-09) Milorad Popovic FNAL Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  2. Outline of Talk • Past, Ideas, Credits • Present • Near Future - Cost • Dream Just One Man’s Opinion, mostly Fermi centric view Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  3. Past, Ideas, Credits • Tesla demonstration of pulsed SC Structure, ~1998, • SNS Design based on SC Technology, late 1999, Y. Cho • Los Alamos ATW, APT, ~1998, D. Chan • Foster Proton Driver, 2002 • CEBAF CW Upgrade … • Muon Collider People contributions Nufact05, CW Proton Linac Linac 2000 Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  4. Current Thinking (almost) Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  5. Cyclotron Front End Front End • Small Energy Spread -> DC Injector ~1MeV • Poor Capture -> DC 3mA to get out 1mA • Isochronous -> short bunch • ~54MHz ~325/6MHz • Single turn Extraction H-, ~100MeV • 1T magnetic Field, no problem with H- Striping • Cheap, Compact, Very Efficient ~80% • Working example PSI Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  6. Conventional Front End • Ion Source, H- , DC, < 1mA • LEBT, ~30-50 kV, short • RFQ, 162MHz , < 2.2MeV, DC, warm • MEBT, probably very short “Low” Energy Linac • Single Spoke, ~10MeV • Double Spoke ~100MeV • Triple Spoke ~400MeV • Beta=0.81 ~1.2GeV • Beta=1, ~2.xGeV • FODO, quads (Almost) Copy of ICD-2, Nagaitsev, Solyak, Yakovlev, et al Copy of ICD-1, (Almost) Ostroumov, et al Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  7. “High” Energy Linac • There is ~40m long warm section at 2.x GeV • Kink, ~3 degree between “Low” and “High” Energy Linacs • High Energy Linac directed ~toward DUSEL • Injection at MI10, 5GeV< Injection energy ≤ 8GeV • 0.125mA < H- Current < 1mA • -5 Degree <Synchronous Phase < -2 Degree • 9 Cell, 9 cavities per Cryo Module • FODO, quads outside • 16MV/m < Eacc < 18MV/m Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  8. 1MW@8GeV example, Cost from 2 to 8GeV • 125MeV/Cryo module, 12 meters long • H- 0.125mA -> 16kW/Cryo Module of RF • Cryo Power at 2K 22.5W/cavity ->200W/Cryo module Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  9. Transition at 2.x GeV to High Energy Linac • There is kink, about 3 degree, and warm transfer line • A Double-Bend Achromat!?( Dipole 2meter, 0.25T) • RF switching for 2.x GeV Experiments, Additional kick from middle quadrupole • Injection of H- to High Energy Linac, (may be line should be isochronous, Buncher?!) • Injection of Muons for NuFactory and Muon Collider Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  10. High Energy Linac, PARMILA Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  11. Injection & Accumulation 125uA current , 1MW@8GeV -> 7.8x1014 , Main Injector can take 1.5x1014 -> total injection time in Recycler ~200msec To ease Injection, AC Dipole scheme is envisioned, (motivated by misunderstanding Chuck, Muons Inc ) Every 20msec, circulating beam spends 4 msec on foil with H- injected beam Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  12. Room (Hope) for Improvement Qo (residual resistance) is main cost driver Poorly understood but under active investigation Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  13. capital total cost capital cost 10 Yr operating cost 1.5 operation 0.8 0.4 RF total tunnel cryo 0.6 0.3 linac 1 RF normalized cost normalized cost normalized cost 0.4 0.2 cryo 0.5 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 field gradient [MV/m] field gradient [MV/m] field gradient [MV/m] cavity Q tunnel length number of cavities 0 11 1500 800 10 1000 600 10 length [m] 0 # 10 Q 500 400 9 0 200 10 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 field gradient [MV/m] field gradient [MV/m] field gradient [MV/m] IOT peak power cryo AC power cryo power fractions 20 15 10 15 10 power [MW] power [MW] power [kW] 10 5 5 5 0 0 0 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 field gradient [MV/m] field gradient [MV/m] field gradient [MV/m] Example: Dependence on Accelerating Field Gradient (B. Rimmer) Matthias Liepe, ERL 2009 Cornell University, Ithaca New York cav. dyn. HOM input C static

  14. Conclusions • Large scale CW SRF is viable • HEP is not alone, ADS, ERLs and FELs have very similar demands • Cost “optimization” Crucial - Full multi-variable optimization absolute must, --1.3GHz?? • Why Now-Today? Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  15. Frequency Scaling of Cavity Parameters For superconducting Niobium For superconducting case Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  16. “Low” Energy & Chopping H- Source • Triumf has few mA DC source, since 1997 • Muons Inc. (Dudnikov) has new Penning Source • Long ~100ns notches, LEBT Single solenoid, two valves, two trims, two laser ports, 60cm long, sharp notching Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  17. Ion Source Pulsed Extractor Doug Moehs Beam deflection plates are part of a 50 Ohm transmission line. 61 mA 75% beam extinction in 750 keV line Beam off ~2.2 microseconds between notches 0 mA Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  18. Ion Source Pulsed Extractor Doug Moehs There is also aprox. 400 ns of beam recovery after the notch is turn off. Tomorrow I will look at T2 which is just before the buncher. Over night the notch will be turned off. - D. Moehs Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  19. Laser Striping R Tolmin Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  20. RFQ • Injection Energy can be low, ~20keV (peak current is low) • Final Energy < 2.2MeV (bellow neutron production) • RF 162MHz • Holes for Laser Beam • Warm, Q< few 1000, to have fast Amplitude/Phase Control • Fast Phase change for π/4 as way of chopping NO MEBT (Almost) Assumption is that all chopping can be done at extraction from source and using Laser(s) H- neutralization and RFQ phase shifting. Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  21. Booster-era Beam Transfer Scheme g-2 m->e Rare Kaon Decays m Test Facility New 200-kW target station that can be upgraded to >2 MW Ankenbrandt and Popovic, Fermilab 21

  22. Beam Path to 200kW target station in Project X Era Ankenbrandt and Popovic, Fermilab 22

  23. Sitting of mu2e, g-2, Kaons, m test area, 4GeV n Factory mu2e Rare Ks g-2 nfactory mtest area Nufact09-IIT 23

  24. Path of Beams to 4 GeV n Factory in Project XLR8 Era Ankenbrandt and Popovic, Fermilab 24

  25. Neutrino Factory as 1st Step Toward Muon Collider Proton Accumulation, Bunching Ring, 10 bunches 5x14GeV m Linac b =1, 50Hz 7GeV H- Linac b =1 Structure Proton Driver 2-4MW, 5Hz 2-4MW-Target 1GeV H- Linac b <1 Structure 4 GeV ,400MHz DogBone m Linac m Capture/Bunching/Cooling 1 GeV ,200MHz m Linac

  26. n DUSEL 8GeV H- Beam 4 or 40GeV n-Fact H-Striping&Proton Accumulation Bunching Targeting m CuptureBunchingCoolingAcceleration

  27. Muon Collider Stage 80GeV Linac Bunch Merging Linac 80GeV Linac Collider Ring

  28. WG-2, High Intensity Proton Accelerator Application Workshop, FNAL October-09

  29. The Carbon foil is 200ugr/cm^2, beam spot is 0.3 cm radius, 1.5x10^14, 5Hz, Linac Current CW125uAmp, 430turns per injection Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

  30. Muon Collider Design Workshop, BNL Dec-09

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