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The First New Deal. Mr. Bach United States History. What is the New Deal?. Name for the collective body of economic reforms undertaken by the federal government during the 1930s. New Deal. Relief – to those suffering Recovery – bringing the economy back up
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The First New Deal Mr. Bach United States History
What is the New Deal? • Name for the collective body of economic reforms undertaken by the federal government during the 1930s.
New Deal • Relief – to those suffering • Recovery – bringing the economy back up • Reforms – preventing major depressions in the future.
Why Does the New Deal Matter Today? • The New Deal dramatically changed the level of involvement of the federal government in people’s lives. • The federal government became much more powerful.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt • President (Democrat) from 1933 – 1945. • Campaigned on using the power of government to lift people out of the Great Depression.
Eleanor Roosevelt • Completely changed the role of the First Lady in the United States. • Was her husband’s “eyes and ears.”
Bank Holiday • Federal government temporarily closed banks in order to stop bank runs. • After examining the banks, good ones were re-opened with federal assurances that deposited money was safe.
Fireside Chats • FDR used the power of radio to directly address the American people in a friendly, reassuring way. • Helped to create a personal bond with the President (you could trust him).
FDIC • Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation • Assures that deposits are safe within banks.
CCC • Civilian Conservation Corps • 18 to 25 year old men were employed on conservation projects.
AAA • Agricultural Adjustment Act • Paid farmers subsidies to grow fewer crops (to decrease supply and increase price).
PWA • Public Works Administration • Employed people on public works projects • Dams, roads, bridges, schools, hospitals.
SEC • Securities and Exchange Commission • Federal government agency that monitors the nation’s stock markets.
TVA • Tennessee Valley Authority • Provided jobs to build dams and power plants • Provided power to poor rural areas in the South.
Growth of Organized Labor • The NIRA (a New Deal act) guaranteed the rights of workers to form unions.
Important Unions • American Federation of Labor (AFL) • Union for skilled workers • Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) • Union for factory workers in mass production
Sit-Down Strike • Workers remained in the factory • Scabs could not be brought in to run the machines • Company thugs could not attack picket lines.
Social Security Act • Provides a guaranteed pension to people 65+ • Provides payment to disabled workers and needy children.