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Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and his calculating machine

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and his calculating machine. report by Torsten Brandes. Chapter 1. Construction of mechanical calculating machines. Structure of a mechanical calculating machine. counting mechanism. two counting wheels. counting mechanism .

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Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and his calculating machine

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  1. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and his calculatingmachine report by Torsten Brandes

  2. Chapter 1 • Construction of mechanical calculating machines

  3. Structure of a mechanical calculating machine • counting mechanism two counting wheels

  4. counting mechanism • Every counting wheel represents a digit. • By rotating in positive direction it is able to add, by rotating in negative direction it is able to subtract. • If the capacity of a digit is exceeded, a carry occurs. • The carry has to be handed over the next digit.

  5. counting mechanism S – lever Zi – toothed wheel dealing with the carry between two digits

  6. Chapter 2: calculating machines bevore and after Leibniz • 1623 Wilhelm Schickard developes a calculating machine for all the four basic arithmetic operations. It helped Johann Kepler to calculate planet‘s orbits. • 1641 Blaise Pascal developes an adding- and subtracting machine to maintain his father, who worked as a taxman. • 1670 - 1700 Leibniz is working on his calculator.  • 1774 Philipp Matthäus Hahn (1739-1790) contructed the first solid machine.

  7. Leibniz‘ calculating machine. • Leibniz began in the 1670 to deal with the topic. • He intended to construct a machine which could perform the four basic arithmetic operations automatically. • There where four machines at all. One (the last one) is preserved.

  8. stepped drum A configuration of staggered teeth. The toothed wheel can be turned 0 to 9 teeth, depending of the position of this wheel.

  9. four basic operations performing machine by Leibniz

  10. Skizze • H – crank • K – crank for arithmetic shift • rotation counter drawing: W. Jordan

  11. Functionality • Addition: partitioning in two tacts • Addition digit by digit, saving the occuring carries with a toothed wheel. • Adding the saved carries to the given sums, calculated before.

  12. Subtraction. • Similar to adding. • The orientation of rotating the crank has to be turned.

  13. Multiplication (excampel) • was possible by interated additions • 32.448*75 • Input of 32.448 in the adjusting mechanism. • Input of 5 in the rotation counter. • Rotating the crank H once. The counting mechanism shows 162.240. • Rotating the crank K. The adjusting mechanism is shifted one digit left. • Input of 7 in the rotation counter. • Rotating the crank H once. The counting mechanism shows 2.433.600.

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