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Who was in the Americas? Northern Regions

Who was in the Americas? Northern Regions. Arctic and Northwest California Great Basin Southwest Great plains Eastern Woodlands. Arctic and Northwest. Cold climate Hunted whales and other sea life Limited trade along coast Lived in small lineage groups

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Who was in the Americas? Northern Regions

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  1. Who was in the Americas?Northern Regions • Arctic and Northwest • California Great Basin • Southwest • Great plains • Eastern Woodlands

  2. Arctic and Northwest • Cold climate • Hunted whales and other sea life • Limited trade along coast • Lived in small lineage groups • Mythical stories created to strengthen lineage group • Potlatches- dinners that symbolized lineage wealth • totem poles represent culture

  3. California/Great Basin • Warm climate • Diets of mussels & shellfish • Celebrated religious festivals • Religion based on natural spirits of animals and earth • GB - moved in small bands • Built windbreak shelters

  4. Southwest Includes Hohokam, Pueblo, Apache & Navajo • High desert regions • Built irrigation canals because farms had a lack of water • Pueblo built adobe buildings (sun-dried brick) • multi-storied apartments • Some tribes were raiders rather than sedentary • Religion revolved around honoring spirits of the earth

  5. Great Plains • Between Rocky Mts & Miss. River • Grasslands - dry • Hunters followed big game - bison (buffalo) • Used every part of bison for food, clothing, shelter & tools • Crow and Blackfoot

  6. Eastern Woodlands • Had protected environment due to forests • hunted (deer, turkey) and farmed (corn, squash, tobacco) • Villages built, some mound builders • Villages centered around religious structure and activities • Formed Iroquois League to settle dispute

  7. Who was in the Americas?Meso-America (“Middle America”) • Olmec • Maya • Aztec • Inca

  8. OLMEC • 1500 -300 BC • Near Gulf of Mexico • Carved enormous stone heads of volcanic rock • Chief god - cat-like with jaguar face • Division of labor • Hieroglyphics • calendar • farm techniques - slash and burn

  9. Maya

  10. MAYANS • Yucatan Peninsula • City States • Complex religion - two layers (now and otherworld) • Human sacrifice • Writing, ball playing (pok-a-tok), astronomy, mathematicians (zero) • Calendar (365) • demise - war, drought, infighting

  11. Palenque

  12. Mayan Temples

  13. The Aztecs

  14. AZTECSPyramids of Tenochtitlán • Capital city of Tenochtitlan - island in middle of lake • Society - hierarchy with emperor at top & criminals/debtors at bottom • human sacrifice • children of the sun • Empire under Montezuma conquered by Spaniards (Cortes)

  15. Teotihuacan Pyramid of the Sun Pyramid of the Moon

  16. Quetzalcoatlgod of wind & knowledge

  17. Canoe moving about the chinampas

  18. Weaving

  19. Aztec Calendar

  20. Montezuma Cortes

  21. The Inca

  22. INCASMachu Picchu • Located in Andes Mountains (S. Amer) • Strong central gov’t; huge empire extending length of South America • Built paved roads & suspension bridges - used running messengers • Instead of writing system used knotted string to communicate messages & keep records - quipu

  23. Inca terraces

  24. Suspension bridge

  25. Quipu

  26. Atahualpa Pizarro

  27. Destruction of Culture • The Meso-American kingdoms were as advanced and sophisticated as the ancient Greeks and Romans • The European conquerors tried to destroy the evidence of this sophisticated culture

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