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Extraction of Water from Air

Extraction of Water from Air. Sarah Watson Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin. Major Concepts. Water: 3% by mass of air 4% by volume Absolute humidity Relative humidity. Method 1: Direct Extraction.

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Extraction of Water from Air

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  1. Extraction of Water from Air Sarah Watson Department of Chemical Engineering University of Texas at Austin

  2. Major Concepts • Water: 3% by mass of air 4% by volume • Absolute humidity • Relative humidity

  3. Method 1: Direct Extraction • Air pumped into a chiller where sensible heat is removed • Air lowered to dew point and water condenses

  4. Method 2: Desiccant • Create vapor pressure gradient • Attract water molecules • Liquid or Solid

  5. Method 3: Convection • Transfer of heat by the circulation or movement of the heated parts of a liquid or gas • Very tall towers are used

  6. Power Sources

  7. Efficiency • Daily capacity (L/day)= Airflow (m^3/s) x 86400s/day x absolute humidity (g/m^3)X 1/1000 L/g x η • η= __amount of water extracted per unit time_______ Total moisture content of air processed per unit time

  8. QUESTIONS?

  9. References 1. Barlow, M. (2007). Blue Covenant. The New Press. 2. Ferret, G. (2003, November 2). Water shortages threaten Africa [Scientists and researchers meeting in the Kenyan capital, Nairobi, have warned of the growing threat posed by water shortages across Africa. ]. Retrieved November 16, 2008, from BBC News Web site: http://news.bbc.co.uk/‌1/‌hi/‌sci/‌tech/‌3235829.stm 3. Festel, D. G. (n.d.). Drinking Water Extraction from Air. Retrieved November 19, 2008, from Festel Capital Web site: http://www.festel.org/‌Water_from_Air.pdf 4. Kirby, A. (2003, March 5). UN warns of future water crisis [The world’s water crisis is so severe it could take almost 30 years to eradicate hunger, the United Nations says.]. Retrieved November 16, 2008, from http://news.bbc.co.uk/‌2/‌hi/‌science/‌nature/‌2818615.stm 5. Kloosterman, K. (2008, November 3). Israeli startup EWA squeezes drinking water from thin air. Retrieved November 16, 2008, from Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs Web site: http://www.mfa.gov.il/‌MFA/‌Israel+beyond+politics/‌EWA-squeezes-drinking-water-from-air-3-Nov-2008.htm 6. Royse, D. (2006, September 29). Air alchemy: Can humidity solve post hurricane drinking water problem? Retrieved November 19, 2008, from http://www.usatoday.com/‌tech/‌news/‌techinnovations/‌2006-09-29-air-water-machines_x.htm 7. Scrivani, A., & Bardi, U. (n.d.). A study of the use of solar concentrating plants for the atmospheric water vapour extraction from ambient air in the Middle East and Northern Africa [Electronic version]. Desalination, 592-599. 8. Wahlgren, R. V. (2000, April). Atmospheric Water Vapour Processor Designs for Potable Water Production:: A Review. Pergamon, 1-22. Images: Google Images

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