ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ НАНОТЕХНОЛОГИИ

1. ФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕОСНОВЫНАНОТЕХНОЛОГИИФИЗИКО-ХИМИЧЕСКИЕОСНОВЫНАНОТЕХНОЛОГИИ Профессор Н.Г. Рамбиди

2. 11. Нанохимия

3. Молекулярный дизайн

4. Были подробно рассмотрены:-молекулярные аспекты синтеза природного каучука,-принципы конструирования молекулы хироптицена – переключающегося молекулярного элемента,-молекулярная память на основе молекул ротаксанов.

5. Краун эфиры Cs+ • Negative charge concentrated in the cavity of the molecule • Forms stable lewis acid / lewis base with complex

6. Formation of Calixarenes • Phenol is reacted Formaldehyde and NaOH then heated

7. Calixarene Configuration

8. Molecular binding Cs+ • The facing pairs of aromatic rings of the calixarene in this conformation form two cavities that are each pre-organized for partial insertion of a Cs+ ion. • Crystal structures of model complexes with cesium salts have demonstrated a significant dual pi-interaction between the facing aromatic rings and the guest Cs+ ion. Cs+

9. Фуллерены

10. Фуллерены

11. Фуллерены

12. Nontraditional Fullerenes enclosing metal atom clusters. - Three fused pentagons in the C68 cage: Violation of the Isolated Pentagon Rule (IPR). - Strong gain of stability upon incorporation of NSc3 in the C68 cage Sc3N@C68 Use of Fullerenes enclosing metal atom clusters as Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging contrast agents ?

13. Fullerenes with incorporated Helium Clusters • NMR studies on noble gas atoms enclosed in fullerene shells • ( M. S. Syamala et al., JACS 124, 6216, 2002 ). • Hen encapsulated fullerenes of extraterestial detected in geological sediments • ( L. Becker et al., Science 291 1530 2001 ). Hen configurations in fullerene cages? He2@C60 (D2d) He@He20@C60 (Ih)

14. Сложные молекулярные системы

15. Organic, polymer/biopolymer synthesis Building blocks with natural and synthetic components for site directed self assembly into functional nanostructure

16. Organic synthesis: from single molecules to molecular assemblies, building block libraries, self-assembling components, liquid crystals, electroactive materials, photonic materials, chromophores, sensor elements… Combinatorial synthesis: libraries of ligands or catalysts, lead discovery and exploitation. Polymer synthesis: polymers with controlled sequence and/or architecture, dendrimers, porous and reactive media, surface coatings. Hybrid materials: organic-inorganic, biological-artificial.

17. Light harvesting: natural and synthetic ring antennae Rings of chlorophylls and carotenoids funnel harvested energy to reaction center (RC). Subsequent energy transfer steps lead to the production of ATP.

18. Guest = Self-assembly of a receptor from H-bonded molecular building blocks Reinhoudt et al.

19. Электроактивные материалы

20. Электроактивные материалы

23. Governing Equation of Dielectric Elastomers p=e*e0*E2 • Where: • p is effective compressive stress • e is relative dielectric constant • e0 is permittivity of free space (a constant) • E is strength of electric field between diodes

25. Искусственная рука

26. Протезы сердца

28. Микро-насос

29. Applications: Heel-Strike Generator • DoD is using dielectric elastomers to develop a heel-strike generator to go in soldiers boots that would generate electricity just from walking • A dielectric elastomer generator works like an actuator in reverse (mechanical-to-electrical instead of electrical-to-mechanical energy)

30. Responsive materials

36. Основные пути формирования сложных молекулярных систем

37. СамоорганизующиесяамфифильныесистемыСамоорганизующиесяамфифильныесистемы

38. CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 OSO3- Surfactant Molecules: Oil-Water Building Blocks Surfactant Oil Non polar tail Oil-Water Interface Water Polar head group Monolayer formation Micelles - nano-reactors, drug delivery vehicles, and cleaning agents

39. Micelles in the Bulk Solution Formation of stable aggregates at the cmc. low concentration high concentration

40. Micelles “Polar” water-like surface 10-100 nm “Apolar” oil-like interior Normal in water Reversed in oil Solubilization Nanoreactors Oil Recovery Drug Delivery

41. Monolayer formation Surfactants can also adsorb at the air-water interface Adsorption at the air-water interface

42. Amphiphiles Polar Non-polar dodecylsulphate phosphatidyl choline lyso- phosphatidyl choline

43. Critical micelle conc

44. Micelles/Monolayers/Bilayers polar polar non-polar non-polar non-polar polar

45. Lamellar phase Amphiphiles Get x-ray/nmr data PC - forms lamellar phases = bilayers of biology

46. Lipid bilayers

47. Hexagonal phase Amphiphiles PE -forms hexagonal phase = fusion regions of biology

48. Пленки Ленгмюра-Блоджет

49. Langmuir Films Spread on water. Not equilibrium adsorption. Film can be compressed Air Water subphase Langmuir film

50. On Water Stearic Acid Isotherm Solid Liquid Surface Pressure (mN/cm2) Gas Water Area (cm2 ) S-Azo-C18 Isotherm Water Solid Surface Pressure (mN/cm2) Liquid Gas Water Area (cm2 )