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DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis. DNA. Sugar. Base. Phosphate. Nucleotides. Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Deoxyribose. A-T G-C. Two= Double Helix. Covalent= S-P. Hydrogen= B-B. Nucleus. Watson and Crick. DNA Replication: Making Identical copies of DNA. DNA Replication.

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DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

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  1. DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis

  2. DNA Sugar Base Phosphate Nucleotides Deoxyribonucleic Acid Deoxyribose A-T G-C Two= Double Helix Covalent= S-P Hydrogen= B-B Nucleus

  3. Watson and Crick

  4. DNA Replication: Making Identical copies of DNA

  5. DNA Replication • DNA Replication occurs in eukaryotes in the nucleus of the cell. • It occurs before cell division to provide each daughter cell with a full copy of DNA.

  6. The Steps of DNA Replication • Helicase “unzips” the DNA. • Complementary nucleotides match up with bases of “parent DNA”. • DNA Polymerase builds the new strands (A bonds to T, C bonds to G). • Two identical strands are formed.

  7. DNA Replication

  8. What is the complementary strand of this DNA? AGTCAGTTCA T C A G T C A A G T

  9. And these proteins make….Your Traits! You!

  10. Some more review…. A protein is like a strand of pearls Amino acids connected together by peptide bonds Arginine Serine Lysine

  11. SO how do we go from DNA to …well…you??? Transcription Translation ? DNA RNA Protein

  12. What is RNA? Just like DNA…its cousin!! Ribonucleic Acid A Nucleic Acid P-S-B Nucleotides It helps make proteins

  13. SO then what is RNA like??? Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) The sugar is Ribose The sugar is Deoxyribose Deoxyribose Ribose

  14. RNA DNA Single stranded 2 Strands= Double Helix

  15. RNA There is no Thymine Instead it has Uracil for its base Soo….. G goes with C A goes with U

  16. Where is RNA located? 1st in the nucleus 2nd in the cytoplasmat the Ribosome

  17. There are three types of RNA

  18. Messenger RNA (mRNA)- Carries the message from DNA to the ribosome

  19. Every three bases on an mRNA is called a Codon!!

  20. Transfer RNA (tRNA)- Brings amino acid to Ribosome An amino acid Three bases on tRNA

  21. rRNA= Ribosome Factory in which protein is made

  22. How is RNA made?

  23. Transcription …..this is when we make RNA Happens in the nucleus It’s copying the message from DNA

  24. Transcription 1. DNA Unzips 2. RNA nucleotides match up 3. RNA goes to ribosome 4. DNA zips back up

  25. What is the strand of RNA if this DNA is transcribed? AGTCAGTTCA U C A G U C A A G U

  26. Deoxyribose Ribose 2= Double Helix Single strand A-T G-C A-U G-C Replication Transcription Nucleus Nucleus

  27. Remember... DNA ? RNA Protein

  28. A little analogy…. DNA Me alegro de que tú sonrías Copy RNA Me alegro de que tú sonrías Transcribe To read/to turn from one language to another Protein I’m glad that you smile. Translate

  29. Remember... Transcription copies the message from DNA into RNA Now its time to…. Read the message Translate it!

  30. TRANSLATION “Reading” the RNA code to figure out what protein should be made Making a protein Happens in the Ribosome!

  31. TRANSLATION Amino Acids Ribosome rRNA Peptide bond VAL HIST Protein!! Anticodon tRNA tRNA C A C G U A CODON CODON CODON CODON

  32. TRANSLATION • mRNA hooks into Ribosome • tRNA brings Amino Acids to Ribosome • tRNA anticodon matches up with mRNA codon • Peptide bond forms between amino acids • Now we have a protein!

  33. Amino acid chart from mRNA codons

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