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Song of Roland

Song of Roland. Old French, Earliest version from c. 1100 Basque attack on rearguard of Charlemagne’s army in Pyrenees in 778. Geoffrey of Monmouth (c. 1100-55), History of the Kings of Britain , c. 1136 Chrétien de Troyes (fl. 1165-80), various romances about King Arthur’s knights,

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Song of Roland

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  1. Song of Roland Old French, Earliest version from c. 1100 Basque attack on rearguard of Charlemagne’s army in Pyrenees in 778

  2. Geoffrey of Monmouth (c. 1100-55), History of the Kings of Britain, c. 1136 Chrétien de Troyes (fl. 1165-80), various romances about King Arthur’s knights, incl. Lancelot, or the Knight of the Cart, written for Marie de Champagne

  3. Courtly Love Honour through devotion to a lady, usually someone else’s wife! Generally unrequited Difficult to assess actual impact of courtly love values on knightly behaviour

  4. Romance of the Rose (1230s-70s) By Guillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meun Jean de Meun’s section incl. treatises on various topics incl. love, sex, marriage, women Graphic “plucking” of Rose

  5. Fabliaux: Comic, often bawdy tales intended to entertain and instruct

  6. The Golden Legend (c. 1260) By Jacobus de Voragine (1228/30-98) Compilation of lives of saints, as well as events in lives of Christ and Virgin Mary

  7. Religious Drama Miracle Plays: based on saints’ lives Mystery Plays: based on Bible stories Morality Plays: incl. personifications of virtues and vices (e.g. Wisdom, Anger, Folly, Sloth, etc.)

  8. Developments in religious music: vernacular, polyphony Increase in pilgrimages Shepherds’ Crusade of 1251 Flagellants in Italy and S. Germany from 1260

  9. Feast of Corpus Christi: Originally promoted by mystic Juliana of Cornillon (c. 1193-1258) 1264 Instituted by papacy By 1370 being celebrated with processions and dramatic performances Reports of miracles linked to Eucharistic Hosts

  10. 9th-10th c. Start of large-scale church building in Middle Ages, starting in N. Italy Builders following model of Byzantine (Roman) basilicas = Romanesque style Nave Aisles Transept Choir Apse Ambulatory

  11. barrel vault groin vault/cross vault Gothic style flying buttress

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