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DAFFODIL Effective Support for Using Digital Libraries

DAFFODIL Effective Support for Using Digital Libraries. Norbert Fuhr University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany. *Supported by DFG as part of the Research Programme V 3 D 2. Daffodil concepts. Strategic information access support Levels of system support Digital library life cycle

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DAFFODIL Effective Support for Using Digital Libraries

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  1. DAFFODILEffective Support for Using Digital Libraries Norbert Fuhr University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany *Supported by DFG as part of the Research Programme V3D2

  2. Daffodil concepts • Strategic information access support • Levels of system support • Digital library life cycle • Collaboration • User-friendly integrated desktop

  3. 1.Strategic information access support Levels of search activities (Bates 1990): • Move: Low-level search function (e.g. type in search term, view retrieved document) • Tactic: several moves to further a search (e.g. broaden/narrow a query) • Stratagem: set of actions on a single domain (citation database, tables of contents of journals) • Strategy: complete plan for satisfying an information need (e.g. subject search, browse relevant journals, find referenced articles)

  4. System architecture User-Interface • Strategic support in 4 layers • Federated digital libraries of different types Strategies Stratagems Tactics Moves DL DL DL Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

  5. User-Interface Strategies Stratagems Tactics Moves DL DL DL Moves • Distributed search of data from different Digital Libraries & Web sources • Provide homogenous access to data and functions • ~15 sources accessed Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

  6. Resultlist Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

  7. Combined detail view • Attributes • Links • internal • external Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

  8. User-Interface Strategies Stratagems Tactics Moves DL DL DL Tactics • Combine services • Speed up search • Redefine query Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

  9. Extract from Result List Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

  10. User-Interface Strategies Stratagems Tactics Moves DL DL DL Stratagems • Cover an information domain • Combine all retrieved information & links Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

  11. Stratagems on the Desktop • Subject Search • Author networks • Citation Search • Journal/Conference Run

  12. Author Networks Author network based stratagems: • Author network browse • Ranking a document result set using author centrality

  13. Citation Search: Reference Tracking • Arelevant document is dragged to the tool for citation tracking • Documents that citeor are citedare retrieved • Browsing, Inspection and Navigaton • Drag and Drop • Can be performed iteratively

  14. User-Interface Strategies Stratagems Tactics Moves DL DL DL Strategy • Complex plan to fullfill a specific task Moves – Tactics – Stratagems – Strategies – GUI

  15. 2. Levels of system support 0. Rigid system behavior • Adaptive system • Proactive system

  16. Adaptivity • Agents collect information • Library agents: content and technical aspects of connected DLs • User agents: behavior of single users/user group • Agents change system behavior based on collected info • Library agents: select preferred DLs,… • User agents: offer preferred functions,…

  17. Proactivity • Agents act without explicit invocation • Implemented as event-condition-action rules, e.g. • when query result is empty, broaden query • suggest related keywords for query • when author name is ambiguous, display possible completions

  18. Proactivity

  19. Knowledge generation Resource selection discover re-present retrieve Retrieving items interprete Evaluation of results collate Organizing items 3. Digital library life cycle

  20. Collate • Save all digital objects in a structured personal digital library • Awareness: • Keep an eye on my topics • focused crawling (BINGO!) Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present

  21. Collate Personal library: StoreObjects • Document Metadata • Fulltexts • Authors • Journals, Conferences • Hyperlinks, Bookmarks • Query formulations Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present

  22. Personal Library

  23. Interpret • Annotations to DL objects • Creation of links between DL objects Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present

  24. Re-Present (support generation of new information) • Export folders from personal library Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present

  25. Private Private Private discover re-present Group Group retrieve interprete Public collate 4. Collaboration Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present

  26. Collation and awareness • New objects • (by other users/ • due to profile) • Notification mechanisms • (visual markers/ email) Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present

  27. Collaborate interpretation • Annotation threads Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present

  28. Recommendation Recommended digital objects through collaboration: • What do others have for me? • Who are the others? • How did others search? Discover – Retrieve – Collate – Interpret – Re-Present

  29. 5. User-friendly integrated desktop • Integrate distributed services and software agents in consistent manner • Provide tool chains to enable users to combine services • Ensure flexible workflow with free choice of starting point • Hide complexity

  30. Desktop

  31. Search • Search Domain Specification • Filter Settings and Query Composition • Integrated Result Lists with Draggable Objects • Navigation • Detail Inspection

  32. 6. Evaluation • Evaluation with 28 subjects • Methods: questionnaire, logging, video • Tasks of different complexity • Major results: • Only for very simple tasks (known item retrieval), other methods may be faster • Complex tasks are supported very effectively

  33. 7. Summary • Daffodil concepts • Strategic information access support • Levels of system support • Digital library life cycle • Collaboration • User-friendly integrated desktop

  34. Representational Model of Common Elements Transformations CognitiveCompletion DWIM Discovery Collaboration AutomaticCapture ManagingPersonalLibraries InterpretiveCapture Interaction UnderstandingQueries Store User Chunking Massaging Results & User Annotation [Larsen & Wactlar: Summary of NSF WS on Future Directions for DLs, 2003]

  35. Outlook • Further research • Support strategies • Path model: define/learn successful usage patterns • New application domains: • additional object types, • support re-present stage • Application for large user communities • Try Daffodil: http://www.daffodil.de

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