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7.1 – CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS 7.2 – ARREST & DETENTION

7.1 – CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS 7.2 – ARREST & DETENTION. LAW 12 – Mr. Kletke. Investigation & Arrest – BIG PICTURE. Starting a Police Investigation. Police arrive at the crime scene help injured people call for backup s earch scene – ensure public safety protect & preserve crime scene

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7.1 – CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS 7.2 – ARREST & DETENTION

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  1. 7.1 – CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS7.2 – ARREST & DETENTION LAW 12 – Mr. Kletke

  2. Investigation & Arrest – BIG PICTURE

  3. Starting a Police Investigation • Police arrive at the crime scene • help injured people • call for backup • search scene – ensure public safety • protect & preserve crime scene • center of crime scene= area where crime actually took place • perimeter of crime scene = area around the ‘center’ – where offender may have been and may have left evidence

  4. Starting a Police Investigation (continued) • contamination = when physical evidence is lost, destroyed, or altered • Police log = written record of what officers have witnessed • officers’ roles at crime scene • patrol officer = first to arrive – secure crime scene • scenes of crime officer = experts in collecting evidence (fingerprints, photographs, etc.) – less serious crimes • criminal identification officer = experts in collecting & analyzing evidence for more serious crimes • criminal investigations bureau officer = specialist – supervises investigations, conducts interviews

  5. Identifying & Collecting Physical Evidence • physical evidence • …is any object, impression, or body element that can be used to prove or disprove facts relating to an offence • forensic science • …is the use of biochemical and other scientific techniques to analyze evidence in a criminal investigation • tools

  6. Identifying & Collecting Physical Evidence (continued) • impressions • …are patterns or marks found on surfaces and caused by various objects • class characteristics • …general attributes of an object • individual characteristics • …specific and unique features of an object • fingerprint • …the mark left behind after a fingertip touches an object • visible fingerprint • …coated with something – visible to the naked eye

  7. Identifying & Collecting Physical Evidence (continued) • latent fingerprint • …formed by natural oils and perspiration – not visible to the naked eye • gloves • shoe prints & tire tracks • body elements & DNA • DNA testing • procedures for labeling evidence

  8. Arrest & Detention • questioning the accused • interrogation techniques – 4 stage approach – ask suspect to describe… • …the entire incident • …the period before the offence took place • …the details of the actual offence • …the period following the offence • arrest & detention procedures • arrest • …legally depriving someone of liberty by seizing or touching the person to indicate that he or she is in custody

  9. Arrest & Detention (continued) • detention • …legally depriving a person of liberty for the purpose of asking questions, with or without physical restraint • reasonable grounds • …information that would lead a reasonable person to conclude that the suspect had committed a criminal offence • appearance notice • appearance notice • …a legal document, usually issued for less serious offences, compelling an accused person to appear in court • bench warrant • …an arrest warrant issued directly by the Judge when an accused person fails to appear in court

  10. Arrest & Detention (continued) • arrest with a warrant • summons • …a legal document issued for an indictable offence, ordering an accused person to appear in court • information • …a statement given under oath, informing the Court of the details of the offence • arrest warrant • …a written court order, directing the arrest of the suspect • arrest without a warrant • citizen’s arrest • …an arrest without a warrant by someone other than a peace officer

  11. Arrest & Detention (continued) • searches • searching a person • searching a place • search warrant • …a court document that gives the police the right to search a specific location • procedures after arrest • photographs • fingerprints • lineup • etc.

  12. Pretrial Release • pretrial release • promise to appear • …signed agreement that an accused person will appear in court at the time of the trial • recognizance • …guarantee that the accused will appear in court when required, under penalty of a fine of up to $500 • surety • …person who agrees to make a payment if the accused does not appear at trial

  13. Pretrial Release (continued) • bail • bail • …the temporary release of an accused who posts money or some other security • show-cause hearing • …judicial hearing in which the Crown or the accused has to convince the Judge either to detain or release the accused before trial • habeas corpus • habeas corpus • …court order designed to prevent unlawful arrest by ensuring that anyone detained is charged before a court within a reasonable amount of time

  14. Final Thought

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