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Electrons Configuration in Atoms

Electrons Configuration in Atoms. Where are the electrons located?. Essential Question. Where are the electrons located in an atom?. Energy Levels. http://odin.physastro.mnsu.edu/~eskridge/astr101/kauf5_20.JPG. Energy Levels & Sublevels. Relate to Periodic Table. Atomic Orbitals.

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Electrons Configuration in Atoms

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  1. Electrons Configuration in Atoms Where are the electrons located?

  2. Essential Question • Where are the electrons located in an atom?

  3. Energy Levels http://odin.physastro.mnsu.edu/~eskridge/astr101/kauf5_20.JPG

  4. Energy Levels & Sublevels

  5. Relate to Periodic Table

  6. Atomic Orbitals Max capacity of any orbital = 2 electrons http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/orbitals.gif

  7. Atomic Orbitals Max capacity of any orbital = 2 electrons http://www.geo.arizona.edu/xtal/geos306/d-orbitals.gif

  8. Atomic Orbitals Max capacity of any orbital = 2 electrons http://www.chem.tamu.edu/rgroup/hughbanks/courses/673/handouts/4f_orbitals.jpg

  9. Energy Levels, Sublevels, Atomic Orbitals

  10. Energy Levels & Electrons Max capacity of any orbital = 2 electrons

  11. AUFBAU principle • Electrons are LAZY • Stated scientifically: • Electrons will occupy the lowest energy level available www.smugmug.com

  12. Orbital Filling Sequence http://www.cms.k12.nc.us/allschools/providence/keenan/chem/images/orbital_energy_diagram.gif

  13. Pauli Exclusion Principle • The two electrons in an orbital must spin in opposite directions  http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.dmriley.demon.co.uk/graphics/top/top-anim.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.dmriley.demon.co.uk/graphics/top/&h=150&w=200&sz=18&hl=en&start=4&tbnid=9xlnkLuLMxIbEM:&tbnh=78&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3Danimation%2Btop%2Bspinning%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D

  14. Weird! http://www.2atoms.com/images/weird/illusions/055b.gif

  15. Hund’s Rule • Electrons won’t pair up unless they have to • Once there is one electron in every orbital…the pairing will begin! http://www.tangischools.org/schools/hhs/Hammond%20High%202001-2002/Superbowl_files/Kids%20in%20bus.JPG

  16. Putting It All Together • The … • aufbau principle, • Pauli exclusion principle, • And Hund’s rule • Can be used to describe the structure of the electron cloud and the possible locations of the electrons in the cloud!

  17. Orbital Filling Sequence How do we do it? How do we know where all of the electrons go? 1st level or 7th level? s, p, d, or f sublevel? Help!!! Electron orbitals Animated electron configurations http://www.cms.k12.nc.us/allschools/providence/keenan/chem/images/orbital_energy_diagram.gif

  18. Orbital Diagrams      1s 2s 2p 3s 3p    4s 3d 4p    5s 4d 5p     6s 4f 5d 6p

  19. What’s the Point? • Orbital diagrams are just an easy way to figure out where the electrons are positioned in an atom • Helps us understand the structure of atoms • Which will help us understand the properties of atoms

  20. Another method .

  21. Electron Configurations • Do the same thing as orbital diagrams, except without all the little boxes! 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 This is the max configuration we’ll learn…so when you get this…you’ve got it!

  22. Electron dot structures • Even easier…because all you show are the highest energy level electrons • Also known as valence electrons • Just remember maximum format:

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