Mental Health Nursing I NURS 1300 Unit VII Eating Disorders

1. Mental Health Nursing INURS 1300Unit VIIEating Disorders

2. Objective 1Define anorexia, bulimia, and morbid obesity Anorexia = self-starvation with a disruption in metabolism due to inadequate calorie intake Bulimia = food-gorging binges followed by the purging of food, usually through self-induced vomiting or laxative abuse Morbid obesity = chronic disease defined by having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of more than 40

3. Objective 2Identify populations at risk for eating disorders Anorexia – • individuals experiencing major life changes • adolescent girls and young adult women • athletes, actors, dancers, models, or anyone whose thinness is a professional requirement

4. Objective 2 (cont’d) Bulimia – • 90% of people suffering from bulimia are women • other risk factors include exposure to American ideals of beauty Morbid obesity – • all populations at risk • 61% of adults in the U.S. are overweight • more and more children are falling victim to obesity

5. Objective 3Identify possible causes of eating disorders

6. Anorexia • Low self-esteem • Social isolation • Perfectionism • Tends to run in families • Stressful events • Uncomfortable emotions • control is achieved over weight and food • satisfaction in this area becomes important if the rest of one’s life is chaotic and emotionally painful

7. Bulimia • Dieting • Stress • Uncomfortable emotions • purging and other actions to prevent weight gain allows one to feel more in control of his or her life • control over weight eases stress and anxiety

8. Morbid obesity • Strong genetic component • Excessive calorie intake • Thyroid disorders • Lack of physical activity • Current trends and attitudes in the U.S. • food as social outlet • high-fat/high-calorie “comfort” foods • “clean-your-plate” mentality

9. Objective 4Identify symptoms of three eating disorders

10. Anorexia • Thinking one looks fat even if bone-thin • Brittle hair and nails • Skin dry and yellow • Depression • Hypothermia • Lanugo • Strange eating habits • cutting food into tiny pieces • preparing elaborate meals one doesn’t eat

11. Bulimia • Individual may be thin, overweight, or average • Use of diet pills • Going to the bathroom shortly after eating • Exercising even when hurt, sick, or tired • Signs of vomiting • Distorted body image • Moody or sad

12. Morbid obesity • Type II diabetes • Hypertension • Heart disease • Gall bladder disease • Stroke • Depression • Low self-esteem

13. Objective 5List nursing care and medical treatments for clients with eating disorders

14. Anorexia • Interventions aimed at restoring weight to reverse medical complications • Hospitalization to stabilize dangerously low weight • Individual, family, and group therapy • Cognitive-behavioral therapy • Psychotherapy to deal with underlying emotional issues

15. Bulimia • Learning healthy eating patterns • Coping with thoughts and feelings • Individual, group, and family therapy • Medications • antidepressants • anxiolytics

16. Morbid obesity • Sensitivity training due to discrimination by health care workers • Weight management • Nutrition education • Exercise program • Bariatric surgery • gastric bypass • gastric banding