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Misconceptions in Algebra. Steve Rhine, Ed. D. Willamette University. Graphing. Students’ Understanding of Graphing. Results from NAEP Graph the equation y = 5x - 8 [25%] Graph an equation given (-3,0) & (0,5) [5%] Other Research Students can easily graph ordered pairs
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Misconceptions in Algebra • Steve Rhine, Ed. D. • Willamette University Graphing
Students’ Understanding of Graphing • Results from NAEP • Graph the equation y = 5x - 8 [25%] • Graph an equation given (-3,0) & (0,5) [5%] • Other Research • Students can easily graph ordered pairs • Students struggle with the meaning of axes • Students lack a sense of infinity • How many points lie between (2,5) & (3,7)? none: 18%, one: 42%, #: 22%
What does it mean to understand graphing? 15 10 5 15 10 5 -12 -5 -1 3 6 9 -15 -20 -25 -12 -8 -4 5 10 15 -4 -8 -12 60 40 20 5 10 15 -15 -10 -5 -20 -40 -60
What does it mean to understand graphing? • Consistent intervals • Numerical order • Scaling must be the same along each axis but can be different between axes • The origin is zero • Graphs can be discrete or continuous
Discrete v. continuous Postal Rates 0.42 0.37 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
What does it mean to understand graphing? • Infinity between points • Rate of change • Changes in axes’ numbering can communicate different ideas
Strategies • How to Lie with Statistics • Ad Campaign • Have students take an issue and campaign for and against an idea using the same data for both ads. • Act as a company and the competition’s advertising agency. For example, whether it is Burger King making better burgers or that you should buy a Macintosh over a PC. Use the same data for both ads.
Iconic translation Draw a graph describing a ball thrown from one person to another. Use time and distance as your axes.
Iconic Translation Distance Time
Strategies:Numberless graphs A boy raises a book over his head and lets it fall
STRATEGIES: EXPERIMENTATION DATA REPRESENTATION DATA ANALYSIS
Green Globs www.sunburst.com Project Interactivate www.shodor/com/interactivate
www.vernier.com nlvm.usu.edu illuminations.nctm.org Apple Grapher
Steve Rhine, Ed. D. srhine@willamette.edu web.me.com/rhine5/ATP