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Foreign Exchange Markets. The Foreign Exchange Market is the generic term for the worldwide institutions that exist to exchange or trade the currencies of different countries. Functions of FXMs. Clearing
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Foreign Exchange Markets The Foreign Exchange Market is the generic term for the worldwide institutions that exist to exchange or trade the currencies of different countries
Functions of FXMs • Clearing • the act of helping international traders to end up with the kind of currency they prefer; • Hedging • the act of reducing or eliminating a net asset or a net liability position in a foreign currency; and • Speculating • the act of taking a net asset position (long) or a net liability (short) position in a foreign currency
Exchange Rate An exchange rate is the price of one money in terms of another. Exchange rate is expressed in terms of the number of units of a currency required to purchase a unit of another currency.
Balanced Trade • Goods, services and assets move internationally from exporters to importers; • Payments move domestically from importers to exporters; • The FXM’s holdings of each country’s currency are unchanged; and • Residents holdings of the domestic currency are unchanged.
Trade Imbalance • Goods, services and assets move internationally from exporters to importers; • Payments move domestically from importers to exporters; • The FXMs holdings of each currency change; • Residents holdings of domestic currency change