TABLETS

1. TABLETS • a mixture of powders compacted to form a single, rigid body • most common dosage form • possess a number of advantages

2. Types • intended for release into GIT • compressed tablets • multiple compressed tablets • effervescents • chewable • buccal or sublingual • vaginal • coated tablets • polymer film, gelatin • extended release • immediate release

3. Desired Properties • contains stated amount of drug • able to withstand stresses of manufacture, transport and handling • provides desired bioavailability • acceptable to patient

4. Drug Release

5. Tabletting Process • Basics • powders fed into a die • powder compressed between punches • tablet ejected from die

6. Machinery rotary tablet press

7. Tablet Components • drug • fillers • binders • disintegrants • antifrictional agents • antiadherents, glidants, lubricants • miscellaneous

8. Tabletting • Powder Properties • free flowing particles • cohesion of particles upon compaction • compacted particles must not adhere to punches and die • 3 tabletting methods • wet granulation • dry granulation • direct compression

9. Powder flow • important to obtain uniform flow • affected by particle properties • adhesion • cohesion • size • shape • density

10. Powders • packing geometry • shifting under vibration • affected by size and size distribution

11. Powders • flow affected by hopper design • How to improve hopper flow?

12. Wet Granulation

13. Dry Granulation

14. Direct Compression