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Chapter 13.2 Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

Chapter 13.2 Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis. Key Questions. What is the genetic code and how is it read? What role does the ribosome play in assembling proteins? What is the “central dogma” of molecular biology?. Ribosome. rRNA Protein Assembly. mRNA. Codon– 3 mRNA (genetic code)

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Chapter 13.2 Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

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  1. Chapter 13.2Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

  2. Key Questions What is the genetic code and how is it read? What role does the ribosome play in assembling proteins? What is the “central dogma” of molecular biology?

  3. Ribosome rRNA Protein Assembly

  4. mRNA Codon– 3 mRNA (genetic code) DNA  mRNA to the ribosome

  5. The Steps of Translation • mRNA leaves the nucleus  ribosome • AUG-start codon-enters the ribosome • tRNA brings amino acid to the ribosome • Codon and anticodon attach together • Amino acids on the tRNA bind together—peptide bond • tRNA leaves, mRNA shifts down, another tRNA attaches, process repeats until it gets to a stop codon. Forms polypeptide chain (protein) Translation

  6. Central Dogma DNA  RNA  Protein

  7. Making Proteins DNA T A C A A C G T A C G A A C T mRNA A U G | U U G | C A U | G C U | U G A #1 | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 Amino Acids AUG– Methionine UUG- Leucine CAU- Histidine GCU- Alanine UGA- Stop

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