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The Legislative Process. Giving Voice to Mission: Strategies Made Simple. How a bill becomes a law…. Thousands of bills are introduced every year Citizens CAN influence the legislative process. Legislators need you! Lobbyist are powerful, but so are you.
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The Legislative Process Giving Voice to Mission: Strategies Made Simple
How a bill becomes a law… • Thousands of bills are introduced every year • Citizens CAN influence the legislative process. • Legislators need you! • Lobbyist are powerful, but so are you. • Being an informed and active constituent is essential.
Drafting of legislation Introduction of a bill Committee assignment Committee action Scheduling Floor action Second chamber action Conference Final floor action Executive action Congressional Override The process…
Drafting legislation • Many sources of legislation. • legislators themselves • President who sends legislation to Congress through executive communications to departments and agencies, and the congressional committees themselves. • Knowing the source of the legislation can often be useful. • While a piece of legislation is being drafted, it is often an opportune time for grassroots involvement in influencing the language and content of the proposed bill.
Requires a sponsor It may be introduced in either the House or Senate or in both simultaneously. There are different kinds of bills and each has a title and is assigned a number. The various titles and their meaning follow: H.R. = A bill originating in the House S. = A bill originating in the Senate H.J. Res. = House joint resolution S.J. Res. = Senate joint resolution H. Con. Res. = House concurrent resolution that must be approved by the Senate S. Con. Res. = Senate concurrent resolution that must be approved by the House H. Res. = Simple resolution concerning the operations of the House* S. Res. = Simple resolution concerning the operations of the Senate* Simple resolutions are used mainly to create special investigating committees, change rules, etc. Introduction of a bill
Committee Assignment & Action • Assigned to a committee or subcommittee • Committee action generally falls into one of three categories: • Hearings • Mark-up sessions • Reporting bills
Scheduling • In the House, clearing the Rules Committee. • Establishes procedures that govern floor debate. • Open/closed • Can delay or kill a bill by refusing to grant a rule. • In the Senate, clears the Senate Majority Leader. • No limitation on Senate debate – self governing • The Filibuster
Action • Second Chamber. • Goes to the other chamber • Conference to settle on identical language • Occasionally a bill may die in conference. • Final Floor Action: • must be returned for approval on the floor of both the House and Senate.
Executive Action & Override • Executive Action • Signature • Veto • Override • 2/3 vote