AMITABH SINGH & MAROOF SHEIKH CHIEF MANAGER (FIRE SERVICES)

1. TRAINING FOR RESILIENT FUNCTIONING BRINGS SUCCESS IN SAFETYHYDROCARBON EXTRACTION- OFFSHORE SECTOR AMITABH SINGH & MAROOF SHEIKH CHIEF MANAGER (FIRE SERVICES)

2. Introduction • Asia is the most disaster prone continent • 90% of all natural disasters • 50% of all major disasters • Affects economies, lives, fabric of human society • Sheer scale and complexity of natural disasters in recent times • Many countries struggling to recover • India is one of the most disaster prone countries in the world • Its location and geographical features render it vulnerable to a number of natural hazards including cyclone, drought, floods, earthquake, fire, landslides and avalanches • Similarly the oil & gas industries are highly potential to industrial disaster particularly the Offshore installations

3. Overview ONGC Western Offshore Tapti Field B55 Field Mumbai High N & S Field BSE Field D1 Field Bassein Field N & H Field

4. Possible Disaster in offshore A. Natural disasters • Earthquake • Tsunami • Tropical Cyclone

5. RISK

6. RISK & CRISIS SCENARIO • BLOWOUT • FIRE • OIL SPILL (OIL PIPELINE LEAKAGES/ RUPTURE/ LEAKAGES FROM TANKER) • GAS PIPE LINE LEAKAGE • EXPLOSION

7. RISK & CRISIS SCENARIO • MAN OVERBOARD (SEARCH & RESCUE) • RELEASE SOUR GAS ON INSTALLATIONS • HELICOPTER CRASH • ACCIDENT INVOLVING OSV’S, SHIP ETC. • (COLLISION/GROUNDING/CAPSIZING)

9. OTHERS • DRILLING RIG WITH JACK UP LEG. • DRILLING RIG FLOATER • UNMANNED WELL PLATFORM • FPSO: FLOATER PRODUCTION STORAGE & OFFLOAD • OIL & GAS: TRUNK LINE/ WELL HEAD LINES ETC

10. Natural resources • Blowouts drains the hydrocarbon from the reservoir • Quantity of drains depends on durations of blowout, the flow area & reservoir pressures • Case hole well blowout for longer periods than open hole blowouts

11. Control expenditure: • Hiring of equipments • Hiring of experts • Compensation to public • Logistic expenditure • Relief camp & evacuation expenditure

12. Organizational impacts • Damage of costlier equipment • Loss of man-hours • Huge amount of control expenditure • Loss of image /reputation of company • Effect on future business • Distortion of good will in the public • Collapse of share value • Loss of morale

13. Public hazards: • Damage to human life & live stock cannot be overruled • Release of toxic gases like H2S, which is serious threat to human life • Possibility of tragedy in the minds of those associated with well control operations cannot be overruled

14. Pollution • Pollution due to oil spills & oil well blowout is very serious like in Gulf of Mexico • Noise pollution is predominant in case of gas well blowout • Rise in temperature of local area • Damage of vegetation • Release of unburned gases like carbon monoxide & H2S are most significant • Oil fire like Kuwait oil fires of about 700 wells at a time may cause considerable damage to the environment in the form of global warming

15. PLATFORM ON FIRE

16. SHIP FIRE

17. PROCESS PLATFORM

18. FPSO

19. DRILLING RIG

20. JACK UP RIG

21. DRILL SHIP

22. ESCAPE & EVACUATION • HELICOPTER • LIFE BOAT • LIFE RAFT

23. LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES • LIFE JACKET • LIFE BUOY • SCBA SET • ESCAPE ROPE LADDER • SCRAMBLE NET • JUMPING ROPE • ESCAPE MASK

24. FIRE FIGHTING FACILITY • FIRE & GAS DETECTION • CLEAN AGENT BASED FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM. • FIRE WATER NETWORK SUPPORTED BY AUTO OPERATED FIRE PUMP. • DELUGE SYSTEM. • FOAM WATER HOSE REEL. • MONITORS • SPRINKLERS • DCP SKIDS • PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS ETC.

25. FIRE FIGHTING FACILITY EXTERNAL • FIRE FIGHTING BOAT • OFFSHORE SUPPLY VESSEL • MULTISUPPORT VESSET

26. FIRE FIGHTING SUPPORT

27. SAFETY TRAINING • OBJECTIVE: PROVIDE ALL EMPLOYEE UNDERSTANDING, ATTITUDES AND KNOWLEDGE OF DIFFERENT SAFETY SUBJECT. COVERING THE FOLLOWING. • Preventive measure for accident and incidents. • Individual Behaviour in acute situation. • Use of Personal Protective Equipment. • Legislation • Contingency Planning.

28. Type of training • Preventive: Does not require any special infrastructure. Safety is to be inculcate as on the job function. Knowledge of condition leads to accident, engineering control, SOP etc. • Mitigation: Will require certain minimum infrastructure to trained personnel in the use of various type of equipments and system under different condition.

29. SAFETY TRAINING NEEDS TO ALL • HOW TO PROTECT THEMSELVES DURING TRANSIT TO OFFSHORE INSTALLATION. • BASIC WORKING KNOWLEDGE OF LIFE SAVING APPLIANCES FOR CORRECT & PROPMT RESPONSE. • USE OF FIRST AID FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT. • PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN CASE OF ABONDONMENT.

30. SAFETY TRAINING • SPECIALISED TRAINING FOR KEY PERSONNEL FOR DEDICATED ROLE IN CRISIS AND NORMAL CONDITION. • Member of Emergency Management Team • Member of E R C T

31. BASIC SAFETY TRAININGS FOR ALL • FIRE FIGHTING • FIRST AID • SURVIVAL AT SEA • HUET: HELICOPTER UNDERWATER ESCAPE TRAINING • PROCEDURE FOR COMMUNICATION OF EMERGENCY & FAMILIRISATION WITH VARIOUS TYPE OF ALARM.

32. HUET TRAINING SIMULTOR

33. HUET TRAINING

34. SPECIALISED TRAINING OIM • KNOWLEDGE OF STATUTORY REQUIREMENT. • KNOWLEDGE OF DESIGN & OPERATION CODES / STANDARD TO ENSURE QUALITY. • SKILL OF MANAGING EMERGENCY. • HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS.

35. OTHER SPECIALISED TRAINING • SPECIALISED FIRE FIGHTING TO ALL FIRE TEAM MEMBER. • COXWAIN TRAINING FOR OPERATING LIFE BOAT TO DESIGNATED BOAT CAPTAIN. • TRAINING ON HELICOPTER LANDING OPERATION TO DESIGNATED PERSONNEL. • HANDLING TOXIC GAS LEAKS. • BLOWOUT PREVENTION & WELL CONTROL • SUB SEA OIL & GAS LEAKS HANDLING.

36. Training Controlling Emergency for OIM • The events on which the candidate is judged include the following at least once in any series of emergency scenarios: •  Evacuation •  Abandonment of installation/rig •  Injured personnel •  Missing personnel or man overboard •  Loss of communication •  Loss of evacuation and muster points •  Stressed Personnel (individual ineffectiveness or mass panic) •  Extreme weather conditions •  Loss of essential facilities •  Loss of key personnel •  Rapidly developing situation leading to information overload •  Loss of mooring (where appropriate)

37. Training -- OERTM To successfully complete this training, delegates must be able to:- • (1) Define the role and explain the key responsibilities of the Emergency Response Team Member. • (2) Explain the purpose of offshore emergency response arrangements • (3) Explain the purpose of offshore emergency response procedures. • (4) Identify hazards and risk mitigation associated with typical offshore fire and non-fire incidents. • (5) Explain the purpose of fixed fire systems offshore. • (6) Understand the performance capability and limitations of typical fixed systems offshore.

38. Training -- OERTM ---cont • (7) Identify the emergency response PPE requirements for the OERTM. • (8) Under directions from the OERTL: approach the incident area in a controlled manner – continually assessing how the changes in the emergency could impact on the safety of other OER team members. • (9) Communicate effectively with the OERTL and team members • (10) Respond appropriately to OERTL direction in emergencies • (11) Use safe working practices and site-specific procedures • (12) Select and use portable fire fighting equipment.

39. Training -- OERTM ---cont • (13) Select, operate and flush foam firefighting equipment. • (14) Extinguish a fire and secure an area. • (15) Conduct breathing apparatus operations in accordance with OERTL directions and safe practices. • (16) Conduct effective search and rescue for missing persons and casualties during the emergency • (17) Demonstrate correct casualty handling and recovery techniques.

40. Training Infrastructure ONGC Academy Regional Training Institute Institute of Petroleum Safety Health & Environment Management. Awareness training at Work Center Special Training Programme for Contractual worker.

41. DISASTER MANAGEMENT • THREE TIER SYSTEM • ERP- AT INSTALLATION LEVEL • RCP: REGIONAL LEVEL • CDMP: AT NATIONAL LEVEL.

42. EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN • PURPOSE • This Emergency Response Plan is applicable when the Offshore Installation is conducting normal operations. It details the following •  The emergency response organisation in the installation •  The roles and responsibilities of all personnel in an emergency •  The specific actions to be taken during all reasonably foreseeable emergency situations •  The generic actions to be taken by the individual members of the Emergency Control Team • SCOPE • This Emergency Response Plan applies to incidents that threaten the safety of any personnel on the • Fulfils the following •  Addresses the major hazards identified in the HAZOP Report •  Takes account of Performance Standards to assist in the decision-making process during • an emergency •  Intends to comply with all relevant legislation •  Is intended for use in during training, exercises and during an actual emergency •  Interfaces with the Regional Contingency Plan

43. Regional contingency plan • Purpose of the Regional Contingency Plan • The purpose of RCP is to outline procedures for co-ordinated joint action, should a major emergency occur during peacetime, involving installations of the Exploration & Production (E&P) member operators off the Western Coast of India within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). This is with a view to minimise loss of life, damage to property and environment and ensure continued production of oil and gas. • Indian Navy/ Coast Guard/ ONGC/ Port Trust etc are joint operator for this plan with overall command with Navy.

44. Corporate Disaster Management Plan • To handle any emergency situation which call for International level Intervention / resource mobilisation.

45. Energy industrial disasters • April 26, 1986: At the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Ukraine , 31 people died and hundreds more injured • May 5, 1988: Norco ,Louisiana Shell Oil refinery explosion after hydrocarbon gas escaped from a corroded pipe in a catalytic cracker and was ignited. Louisiana state police evacuated 2,800 residents from nearby neighbourhoods. Seven workers were killed and 42 injured. The total cost arising from the Norco blast is estimated at US$ 706 million. • July 6, 1988: Piper Alpha disaster :- An explosion and resulting fire on a North Sea oil production platform kills 167 men. Total insured loss is about US$ 3.4 billion. To date it is rated as the world's worst offshore oil disaster in terms both of lives lost and impact to industry. • March 23, 2005: Texas City refinery explosion. An explosion occurred at a British petroleum refinery. It was the third largest refinery in the United States and one of the largest in the world, processing 433,000 barrels of crude oil per day and accounting for 3% of that nation's gasoline supply. Over 100 were injured, and 15 were confirmed dead, including employees of the Fluor Corporation as well as BP.

46. Contd… • July 26 ,2005 BHN platform of ONGC hit by Multi supply Vessel Samudra surakha , causes huze explosion and Fire .Platform submerged in sea with in 50 minutes .24 ONGC employees died with loss of 1300 crore • December 11, 2005: Hertfordshire oil storage terminal fire. A series of explosions at the Buncefield oil storage depot, described as the largest peacetime explosion in Europe, devastated the terminal and many surrounding properties. There were no fatalities. Total damages have been forecast as £750 million • April 20, 2010: Deep water Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico. 11 workers died in the worst oil drilling disaster in the waters off the coast of the United States

47. Disaster Management in ONGC Every organization has its own unique identity If we can encourage diversity….

48. ….true unity can prevail!