The Music of Scotland

1. The Music of Scotland Features of Scottish MusicWhat makes Scottish music sound Scottish? • Instruments • Dances • Groups • Songs

2. Bagpipes Listen to the sound of the bagpipes Pipe Band A pipe band includes drums as well as pipes. Most commonly marching bass drums & snare drums. Listen to the sound of a pipe band

3. Bagpipes • Drones • Chanter • Reed Styles of Bagpipe music • Pipe Band • Pibroch

4. Instruments Fiddle The fiddle, is just a Scottish word for violin. Listen to this example of Scottish fiddle music This fiddle is accompanied by which instrument? This bass – chord, bass – chord style of piano accompaniment is called a vamp. Listen out for it in future excerpts. Accordion The accordion is very much associated with Scottish music. Listen to the sound of an accordion

5. Instruments Clarsach The clarsach is a Scottish harp. It comes in a number of sizes, but is smaller than an orchestral harp. Listen to the sound of the clarsach See a Clarsach being played here

6. Self-assessment • Listen to this excerpt and identify the instrument you hear. BagpipeFiddleAccordionClarsach • Listen to this excerpt and identify the instrument you hear. BagpipeFiddleAccordionClarsach • Listen to this excerpt and identify the instrument you hear. BagpipeFiddleAccordionClarsach • Listen to the excerpt and identify the instrument playing the melody. BagpipeFiddleAccordionClarsach • Listen to the excerpt and identify the instrument playing the melody. BagpipeFiddleAccordionClarsach Plenary Talk

7. Scottish Dance Music Played by a Scottish Country Dance Band Heard at a Ceilidh Listen to the sound of an Scottish Country Dance Band Click the picture above to view Click the picture above to view

8. The Reel A quick dance In Simple time 2/4 or 4/4 ‘Straight’ rhythms (quavers / crotchets etc.) No ‘jumpy’ rhythms Sounds like “Running Reel, Running Reel” Listen to this reel Here’s another one

9. The Jig Another quick dance In Compound time 6/8 ‘Jumpy, Skippy’ rhythms (triplets & ‘dotted-sounding’.) You can hear:“Straw-ber-ry Straw-ber-ry “one-and-a-two-and-a” or “skippity-skippity skippity-skippity” Listen to this jig Here’s another Jig

10. The Strathspey A more slow dance (at a walking pace) In Simple time 4/4 The only dance to contain Scotch Snaps Listen to this strathspey Here’s another one

11. The Waltz A slow dance In 3/4 time Count “ 1,2,3 1,2,3” Listen to this waltz Listen to another one

12. The March A dance at a ‘marching’ pace Can be in 4/4 or 2/4 time Sounds like you could ‘march to the strong beat’. Listen to this march Here’s another one

13. Self-assessment • Listen to this excerpt and identify the dance you hear. MarchReelJigStrathspeyWaltz • Listen to this excerpt and identify the dance you hear. MarchReelJigStrathspeyWaltz • Listen to this excerpt and identify the dance you hear. MarchReelJigStrathspeyWaltz • Listen to the excerpt and identify the dance you hear. MarchReelJigStrathspeyWaltz • Listen to the excerpt and identify the time-signature. 3 4 4 4 6 8 Plenary Talk

14. Scottish Vocal Music • used to tell a story • to work to • to dance to • to entertain

15. Waulking song • Working song • Listen for the ‘Thud Thud’ • Call & Response technique • Singing in Unison Listen to this waulking song Listen to another

16. Bothy Ballad • Sung by men • Tales of Farming • Often humorous • Unaccompanied Listen to this Bothy Ballad

17. Scots Ballad • Tells a story • Handed down through word-of-mouth • Often through travelling people • Unaccompanied Listen to this Scots Ballad Listen to another

18. Puirt-a-beul (mouth music) • Music to dance to • No instruments (Unaccompanied) • Very rhythmic Listen to this Puirt-a-beul Listen to another

19. Diddling (another type of mouth music) • Music to dance to • No instruments • Very rhythmic • Sounds like “diddle–di–diddle” Listen to some diddling

20. Gaelic Psalm Singing • ‘Eerie’ sound • Slow • Congregation follows minister • Singing in Unison Listen to some Gaelic Psalm singing

21. Plenary Talk Self-assessment • Listen to this excerpt and identify the type of song you hear. Waulking SongBothy BalladScots BalladMouth Music • Listen to this excerpt and identify the type of song you hear. Waulking SongGaelic PsalmScots BalladBothy Ballad • Listen to this excerpt and identify the type of song you hear. Waulking SongBothy BalladScots BalladMouth Music • Listen to the excerpt and identify the type of song you hear. Waulking SongGaelic PsalmScots BalladBothy Ballad • Listen to the excerpt. Is this excerpt sung in unison? Yes, it is sung in unisonNo, it is not sung in unison • Listen to the excerpt of mouth music. Is it puirt-a-beul or diddling? Puirt-a-beulDiddling

22. Scottish Groups Folk music is still very much alive & well Here’s an example of modern folk music Here’s another

23. Groups Pipe Band A pipe band includes drums as well as pipes. Most commonly marching bass drums & snare drums. Listen to the sound of a pipe band Marching bass drum The player has to wear the drum on a harness. Snare drum Folk Group A ‘folk group’ is a group of instruments playing music from a particular country. A Scottish folk group is likely to include the instrument such as the bagpipes, fiddle, accordion, clarsach, tin whistle, guitar and voice. A tin whistle is a recorder like instrument made of metal. They come in all different sizes and often a player will play more than one in a performance. Listen to the sound of a tin whistle Listen to the sound of a folk group

24. Groups Folk Rock Group A group of two or more musicians who perform traditional music in a rock-music style is known as a ‘folk rock group’. Originally this style was started by the group Runrig but there are now a number of groups performing traditional music in a 'rock' style. Listen to a clip of Runrig Listen to another clip of Runrig Fiddle Orchestra A ‘fiddle orchestra’ is a large group of Scottish fiddle players who are often accompanied by a piano and double basses. Listen to the sound of a fiddle orchestra

25. Groups Scottish Dance Band We use Scottish Music to dance to at Christmas time in PE when we do social dancing. The kind of band that plays for this type of dancing is known as a Scottish country dance band. This type of band is often made up of one or more accordions, a piano, a single snare drum or full drum kit and a fiddle and has a very traditional old fashioned sound to it. Listen to the sound of a Scottish Country Dance Band Ceilidh Band A ceilidh band also plays Scottish music for people to dance to. A ceilidh band has a much more modern sound and will add instruments like electric guitars, bass guitars and a drum kit to the traditional country dance band line-up. Listen to the sound of a ceilidh band

26. Plenary Talk Self-assessment • Listen to this excerpt and identify the type of group you hear. Folk GroupPipe BandCeilidh BandFiddle Orchestra • Listen to this excerpt and identify the type of group you hear. Folk GroupPipe BandCeilidh BandFiddle Orchestra • Listen to this excerpt and identify the type of group you hear. Scottish Country Dance BandPipe BandFolk Rock Group • Listen to the excerpt and identify the type of group you hear. Scottish Country Dance BandFolk GroupFolk Rock Group • Listen to this excerpt and identify the type of group you hear. Ceilidh BandPipe BandFolk Rock GroupFiddle Orchestra • Listen to this excerpt and identify the type of group you hear. Folk GroupPipe BandFolk Rock GroupFiddle Orchestra

27. End of Scottish Music Unit

28. Correct! Return to self-assessment Instruments Q1

29. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q1

30. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q1

31. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q1

32. Correct! Return to self-assessment Instruments Q2

33. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q2

34. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q2

35. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q2

36. Correct! Return to self-assessment Instruments Q3

37. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q3

38. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q3

39. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q3

40. Correct! Return to self-assessment Instruments Q4

41. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q4

42. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q4

43. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q4

44. Correct! Return to self-assessment Instruments Q5

45. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q5

46. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q5

47. Incorrect – let’s listen again Return to self-assessment Instruments Q5

48. Correct! Return to self-assessment Dances Q1

49. Incorrect – let’s listen again Remember to think about tempo (speed) and time-signatures (beats in the bar). Return to self-assessment Dances Q1

50. Incorrect – let’s listen again Remember to think about tempo (speed) and time-signatures (beats in the bar). Return to self-assessment Dances Q1