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Solving Problems with Constraints

Solving Problems with Constraints. Karen E. Petrie . What is a Scientist?. What do you think a scientist does? Choose one task: Draw a picture of a scientist; Write a timetable for a scientist’s day (a timetable sheet is provided). What is a scientist?. I am a scientist.

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Solving Problems with Constraints

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  1. Solving Problems with Constraints Karen E. Petrie

  2. What is a Scientist? • What do you think a scientist does? • Choose one task: • Draw a picture of a scientist; • Write a timetable for a scientist’s day (a timetable sheet is provided)

  3. What is a scientist? • I am a scientist. • As are all the other adults in the room. • What does it mean to be a scientist? • What kind of work do we do?

  4. What did you say you do? • Mathematician • I never could do maths • Computer science • My son plays… • Could you fix… • Artificial Intelligence

  5. So: What is AI? • “A singular consciousness that spawned an entire race of machines” Morpheus, The Matrix • “The scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying thought and intelligent behaviour and their embodiment in machines." AAAI • “Making computers do anything that they can not currently do without human intervention” Karen Petrie Too Complicated

  6. It’s not all about robots?

  7. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? You have 10 minutes! A Puzzle • Place the numbers 1 through 8 in the nodes such that: • Each number appears exactly once • No connected nodes have consecutive numbers

  8. Modeling • Each node  a variable • {1, …, 8}  values in the domain of each variable • No consecutive numbers  a constraint • (vi, vj)  |vi – vj| > 1 • All values used  all-different constraint

  9. Heuristic Search {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} ? ? ? ? 1 ? 8 ? ? ?

  10. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Inference/Propagation {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} 1 8 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}

  11. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Inference/Propagation {3, 4, 5, 6} {3, 4, 5, 6} 4 6 {3, 4, 5, 6, 7} {2, 3, 4, 5, 6} 7 1 8 2 3 5 {3, 4, 5, 6} {3, 4, 5, 6}

  12. Research into Constraint Computation • Modelling • What should the variables/domains/constraints be? • Heuristic Search • How should search progress? • Inference/Propagation • How much effort should be spent on inference?

  13. More about CP • For the rest of the afternoon you can learn more about CP by playing with the puzzles at: • http://4c.ucc.ie/web/outreach • If you have any questions or are stuck, than you can ask one of the `scientists’ for help!

  14. Thanks for joining us today! www.4c.ucc.ie/web/outreach

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