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The Evolution of the Fire Service to “All-Hazards” Organizations

Explore the transformative journey of the fire service from a focus on fire suppression to becoming all-hazards organizations. This evolution includes advancements in rescue techniques, pre-hospital care, integrated response systems, and response to terrorism and public health threats. Discover how the Contra Costa EMS System exemplifies high-performance, coordinated patient care teams, and the future of pre-hospital health care.

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The Evolution of the Fire Service to “All-Hazards” Organizations

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  1. The Evolution of the Fire Service to “All-Hazards” Organizations

  2. The Early Era 1940’s – 1950’s – • Fire Suppression • “Brute Force” Rescue 1960’s – • Firefighters Provide First Aid • Ambulance transport provided by Funeral Homes, Hospitals, Private Companies • Rescue limited to simple tools and techniques

  3. Enlightenment: 1970’s - • Pre-Hospital Care - Facilitated by U.S. Department of Transportation: • Advance First Aid • Emergency Medical Technicians • Paramedics

  4. 1970’s Continued • Integrated Response System – “The confluence of public safety, public health, and the medical system.” • Pre-hospital – Advanced training and intervention • Transport (Ground and Air) • Emergency Room • Trauma Centers • Advancement in rescue equipment, procedures, and training.

  5. The 1980’s • Transition to “All-Hazards” Organizations • Enhanced – • Professionalism • Education • Technology • Science/Data • Emerging Fields • Hazardous Materials • Environmental Protection

  6. Evolution Continues - • The 1990’s • Urban Search and Rescue • Confined Space • Trench Rescue • Building Collapse Rescue • High Angle Rope Rescue • Swift Water Rescue • Continued advancement with technology, training, and procedures.

  7. 2000 to Present • Response to Terrorism • Community Threat Reduction • Emergency Preparedness and Emergency Management • National Incident Management System • National Response Framework • 12-Lead EKG, STEMI and Stroke Centers • Public Health Threats - Pandemics

  8. The Contra Costa EMS System At Work“EMS the practice of medicine in the field” • EMS System Design (2004) • High Performance • Dispatch-Fire First Response-Transport-Hospital • Advanced Life Support Paramedic • Coordinated patient care teams • High Reliability • Rapid response and transport to definitive care • Optimized within local capabilities • High Trust • Commitment to Patient Safety’ • Evidence-based

  9. Value of Medical First Response • Basic Life Support is Fundamental Medical Care • Critical Link in the Chain of Survival • Importance of Multi-Agency Teamwork • 911 Use - How would it change without first response?

  10. The Future of Pre-Hospital Health Care • Full integration with Health Care • Trauma, STEMI, Stroke, Cardiac Arrest • Dispatch-Nurse Call Center Partnerships • Linked medical record systems • New pre-hospital care roles • Community Paramedic • Advanced EMT • EMS and Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) • Strategic Hospital/Health Plan partnerships • Potential new revenue streams

  11. All-Hazards Organizations: • Respond to the diverse threats facing the community. • Enhanced protection and service to the public • Strong efforts to prevent and prepare • Emphasis on professionalism, education, training, science/data, technology, and best practices. • “Added value” for the public

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