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The War with Mexico Chapter 9 – Section 4

The War with Mexico Chapter 9 – Section 4. Mitten – CSHS AMAZ Hist – Sem 1 – 2009/2010. War with Mexico. Key Points U.S. annexation of Texas creates great tension with Mexico leads to war Result = huge territorial gains for the United State. Polk Urges War. “Polk the Purposeful”

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The War with Mexico Chapter 9 – Section 4

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  1. The War with MexicoChapter 9 – Section 4 Mitten – CSHS AMAZ Hist – Sem 1 – 2009/2010

  2. War with Mexico • Key Points • U.S. annexation of Texas • creates great tension with Mexico • leads to war • Result = huge territorial gains for the United State

  3. Polk Urges War • “Polk the Purposeful” • President James K. Polk favors war with Mexico • believes U.S. will get Texas, New Mexico, California

  4. Slidell’s Rejection • Polk sends John Slidell to Mexico • offers to buy Southwest • negotiate the Texas border • 1844, Santa Anna out • Mexican government unstable • ignores Slidell… • Polk orders Gen. Zachary Taylor to blockade the Rio Grande

  5. Polk Urges War • Sectional Attitudes Toward War • South favors war • extend slavery • increase its power in Congress • North opposes war • fears spread of slavery • fears Southern control of U.S.

  6. Polk Provokes War • U.S. violates Mexico’s territory • skirmish near Matamoros; 9 American dead • Polk sends war message to Congress; withholds facts • Congress approves war • Kearny Marches West • Colonel Kearny marches to Santa Fe • New Mexico surrenders to U.S. without a fight

  7. The Republic of California • 1830’s – 12,000 Mexican settlers in CA • 1840’s – 500 Americans • John C. Fremont proclaims Republic of California in 1846 • The War in Mexico • U.S. – many victories • Mexican troops have poor leaders • Invasion of Mexico led by Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott • Polk helps Santa Anna regain power • Santa Anna fights U.S.

  8. Treaty of Guadalupe Hildalgo • War ends with treaty in 1848 • Texas border set at Rio Grande • Mexico cedes west -- $15 million • guarantees rights of Mexicans living in territories • War increases U.S. territory by 1/3rd • Franklin Pierce – Gadsden Purchase • set final border – last piece

  9. America – Spoils of War • The California Gold Rush • 1848, gold discovered – Sutter’s Mill • San Francisco – city abandoned • Gold rush or migration of prospectors to California in 1849 • Forty-niners come from Asia, South America, Europe

  10. California Gold Rush • Impact of Gold Fever • SF becomes major port/supply center • Gold Rush Brings Diversity • 1849, population exceeds 100,000 • Chinese, free blacks, Mexicans migrate in large numbers • Slavery permitted until outlawed in 1849 by state constitutional convention • California joins Union in 1850

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