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Atomic Theory:

Explore the groundbreaking contributions of major atomic theorists like Bohr, Chadwick, Dalton, Planck, Rutherford, and Thomson. Compare and contrast models from Democritus to Quantum Mechanics. Understand the core principles shaping our understanding of atoms.

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Atomic Theory:

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  1. CU 3221.1.1 Identify the contributions of the major atomic theorists: Niels Bohr, James Chadwick, John Dalton, Max Planck, Ernest Rutherford, and J.J. Thomson. SPI 3221.1.1 Compare and contrast the major characteristics of various models of the atom: Democritus, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, and the Quantum Mechanical Model. Atomic Theory: The Who’s Who of Atoms

  2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xazQRcSCRaY

  3. Democritus • ~460 BCE. • Defined atom as the “smallest bit of matter.” • 100 years later, Aristotle dismissed his idea as “worthless.”

  4. John Dalton • 1805 • Said matter consisted of “elementary lumpy particles” • First Atomic Theory • “BowlingBall” Model of the Atom

  5. Dalton’s Atomic Theory • All matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. • All atoms of one element are alike. • Atoms of one element are different from atoms of other elements. • Compounds are formed when atoms from different elements combine. • Chemical reactionsinvolve re-arrangement of atoms, not changes in atoms themselves.

  6. Dalton’s Atomic Model

  7. J.J. Thomson • 1897 • Discovered the electron with his Cathode Ray Tube Experiment • Came up with “Plum Pudding Model” of atom

  8. Cathode Ray Tube Experiment Cathode Ray Tube Experiment • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzMh4q-2HjM

  9. Plum Pudding Model “Real” Plum Pudding

  10. Max Planck • 1900 • When you vibrate atoms enough (heat it until it glows), you only get energy back in whole intervals: energy packets called “quanta.”

  11. Ernest Rutherford • 1911 • Discovered the nucleus with his Gold Foil Experiment • Nucleus: the small, dense, positively-charged center of the atom • In 1919, he identified “protons”

  12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzALbzTdnc8

  13. Rutherford’s Atomic Model

  14. Robert A. Millikan • 1916 • Found charge and mass of electron with his Oil Drop Experiment • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwnjYERS66U

  15. Millikan’s Oil Drop Experiment Oil Drop Experiment

  16. Niels Bohr • 1912 • Developed planetary model of the atom • Discovered that electrons move around the nucleus at set distances • Called these “electronorbitals.”

  17. Electron Orbitals

  18. Bohr’s Model of the Atom

  19. James Chadwick • 1932 • Discovered the neutron

  20. So Then We Have This!

  21. Let’s Memorize These Guys! • Open all the windows. • Ask your partner “Who did….” • If they get it right, close the window. • If they get it wrong, leave the window open and come back to it until they get it right. • Take turns! • Quiz each other until you are sure you will ace the real quiz next class!

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