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Elliptical polarization

Elliptical polarization. Linear polarization. the two orthogonal components are in phase. Circular polarization. the two orthogonal components have same amplitude and are +/-90 degrees out of phase. Elliptical polarization.

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Elliptical polarization

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  1. Elliptical polarization

  2. Linear polarization • the two orthogonal components are in phase

  3. Circular polarization • the two orthogonal components have same amplitude and are +/-90 degrees out of phase.

  4. Elliptical polarization • the two components are not in phase and either do not have the same amplitude and/or are not 90 degrees out of phase

  5. Wave plate • Optical device : a birefringent crystal with a chosen thickness • Light polarized along the extraordinary/fast axis propagates faster than the ordinary/slow axis. • Phase shift Δn : birefringence L : thickness of the crystal

  6. Wave plate (cont.) • half-wave plate : retards 180 degrees, rotates the polarization direction of linear polarized light • quarter-wave plate : retards 90 degrees, changes linearly polarized light to circular.

  7. Jones calculus • Polarized light is represented by a Jones vector, and linear optical elements are represented by Jones matrices.

  8. Example: A half-wave plate: A quarter-wave plate:

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