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Implementing a peer review system for computer architecture coursework through a web-based platform, improving student engagement and creating valuable learning resources.
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Building Resources for Teaching Computer Architecture Through Peer Review Edward F. Gehringer Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Dept. of Computer Science North Carolina State University efg@ncsu.edu
Peer Review • Long used for technical papers. • First used in courses in early 1970s. • Hundreds of studies. • Much more practical with networked computing. • Widely used in writing courses (e.g., Daedalus Integrated Writing Environment)
Peer Review on the Web • Can accept submissions in almost any format. • Web is a familiar interface. • Web-creation skills are important to students. • Web interface allows use in DE. • Facilitates the production of Web resources.
Overview • The implementation • The review cycle • How peer grading has been used • Student reaction
The Implementation: PG • Students develop homework in the form of one or more Web pages. • Students submit their pages to the system. • The system copies them to a new Web address, concealing the submitter’s identity. • Reviewers are assigned semiautomatically. • Reviewers and authors communicate via a shared Web page. • Reviewers assign grades, and the system averages them.
Submitting and Reviewing • A student logging in has a choice of whether to submit or review. • If submitting— • can use a browser to select a file. • can submit one file at a time, or • a whole network of pages in a single Zip file. • If reviewing— • is presented with a set of pages to review. • can click on one and type in comments.
Reviewing a Submission • Review is based on a rubric. • A numeric score is assigned to several questions. • Grade is calculated from these scores. • Ample opportunity for comments.
Overview • The implementation • The review cycle • How peer grading has been used • Student reaction
Submit-Review-Publish Cycle • Signup phase. A limited number of students allowed to sign up for each choice. • Initial feedback phase. Students given 2–7 days to make initial comments. • Resubmission phase. 2–7 days to revise work in response to reviewer comments. • Grading phase. 3–7 days to make final comments and assign scores. • Review of review phase. Students review each other’s reviews. • Web-publishing phase. PG creates a Web page with the “best” assignment in each category.
Overview • The implementation • The review cycle • How peer review has been used • Student reaction
How Peer Review Has Been Used • Researching lecture material. • Find links related to each lecture. • Annotating on-line lecture notes. • Writing research papers. • Reviewing papers from the literature. • Making up homework problems. • Making up machine-scorable questions. • Weekly reviews.
Annotating a Lecture • Students electronically sign up to review a particular lecture, • then add hyper-links to instructor’s on-line notes.
Research Papers • Can include hyperlinks to Web documents. • Different students can sign up to write on different topics.
Producing Resources • A “divide and conquer” approach to large projects. • Lecture annotations for an entire semester. • Machine-scorable questions for each lecture. • Madeup problems for the Computer Architecture Course Database (cf. WCAE 1998, WCAE 2000).
Overview • The implementation • The review cycle • How peer grading has been used • Student reaction
Student Reaction • Students have reacted quite positively to peer review. • When asked to rate on a scale of 1 to 5, “Peer review is helpful to the learning process,” • five classes rated it 3.41 to 4.24, with the highest score given by one of the classes that did the most peer-reviewed assignments. • By a score of 3.9, students said that reviews of reviews motivated them to do careful reviews.
Conclusion • Electronic peer review is an effective teaching tool. • Students do a careful job on their assignments, and in their review of each other. • When students do different work, it can be aggregated to produce impressive resources for future classes.