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Musculoskeletal Injury Prevention

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Musculoskeletal Injury Prevention

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  2. Presentation Outline • Hazards • How an MSI can occur • Back injuries, shoulders • How to reduce risk • Controls • Practical exercises

  3. Workplace Hazards • Physical • Chemical/Mineral • Biological • Psychosocial • Musculoskeletal

  4. Musculoskeletal Injuries • Muscles, ligaments, intervertebral discs and other connective tissues have limits on how much they can be compressed, twisted or pulled before they begin to fail. • Injury process is often associated with: • high loads within a short duration, or • low loads that are repeated or sustained.

  5. MSIs in Manitoba • Each year in Manitoba, MSIs are the leading cause of time loss injuries

  6. Who’s Getting Hurt - Top 5 Sectors

  7. Why - Top MSI Events • Forceful exertions • Awkward / Sustained postures • Repetitive motions • Compression • Vibration

  8. What – Body Parts • Back – 48% • Neck & shoulders – 16% • Legs & feet – 13% • Arms & hands – 12% • Other & multiple – 11% More back injuries than other injuries combined

  9. Anatomy - Ligaments • Ligaments are like strong, stiff strings that connect your bones together. • If a joint is forced beyond its normal range of motion, the ligament may stretch or tear (sprain).

  10. Anatomy - Muscles • Muscles, via the tendon, connect bones to bones and cause movement. • A muscle used beyond its tolerance can develop a tear (strain)

  11. Muscles cont… • Poor symmetry (imbalances) can lead to symptoms over time

  12. Anatomy - Spine • 33 small block-like bones called vertebrae arranged in slight “S” curve. • Intervertebral discs between each vertebrae. • Discs can become damaged by forces acting on your spine: • Bending/shear • Twisting/torque • Compression

  13. Bending Back disc wedging + shear forces Shear

  14. Bending & Lifting - Quality • Try to avoid rounding the back

  15. Twisting / Torque Torque

  16. Compression • NIOSH safe lift limit – 51 lbs; 764 lbs spine compression • Many work tasks exceed safe tolerance, especially when combined with bending, reaching and twisting Compression

  17. Discs • An intervertebral disc challenged beyond its tolerance can bulge or tear (herniate)

  18. Shoulder Postures • Reaching – increases shoulder stress

  19. Postures – Reaching

  20. Sitting Posture • Sitting adds stress to the spine and supporting structures • Increased disc pressure • Ab muscles disengage, less spine support • Muscle imbalances, fatigue • Avoid prolonged sitting! Stand Sit

  21. Sitting

  22. Hazard Controls Effectiveness Personal control Equipment or Engineering Job organization Personal protective equipment Bodymechanics/fitness

  23. What is Neutral Posture?

  24. Neck loading Source: Kenneth k. Hansraj MD Chief of Spine Surgery New York Spine Surgery & Rehabilitation Medicine New York: Assessment of Stresses in the Cervical Spine Caused by Posture and Position of the Head:

  25. Work Postures

  26. Exercise Core, hips Shoulder blades

  27. Standing Goals • Legs, torso, neck and head inline • Adjust desk height/keyboard tray to ensure wrists can be straight • Hands slightly below elbow level • Place monitor directly in front (at eye level) • Use a footrest for low back relief

  28. Video - Exoskeletons

  29. Sitting Goals

  30. Laptop Use

  31. Desk Top Sit-Stand Options Sit-Stand Intervals • Sit – Max 20 minutes • Stand – Min 8 minutes • Move – Min 2 minutes Can increase productivity by 15%

  32. Sit-Stand Workstations - Dynamic

  33. Work Smart Work Safe Thank you for your attention

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