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GCSE History: Paper 2

GCSE History: Paper 2. Outline of the Day. 9.30-9.45am Overview of Paper 2 9.45-11.00am Section A, Topic 3 :USA 1918-29 & exam technique 11.00-11.15am BREAK 11.15-12.15pm Section B, Topic 6: USA 1929-41 12.15-1.15pm LUNCH 1.15-2.15pm Section B, Topic 5: Nazi Germany, 1929-39

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GCSE History: Paper 2

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  1. GCSE History: Paper 2

  2. Outline of the Day 9.30-9.45am Overview of Paper 2 9.45-11.00am Section A, Topic 3 :USA 1918-29 & exam technique 11.00-11.15am BREAK 11.15-12.15pm Section B, Topic 6: USA 1929-41 12.15-1.15pm LUNCH 1.15-2.15pm Section B, Topic 5: Nazi Germany, 1929-39 2.15-2.30pm BREAK 2.30-3.30pm Exam Technique

  3. Depth Study!!! 3 topics – 1 from section A and 2 from section B Section A The Roaring 20s: USA 1918-29 Section B Hitler’s Germany,1929-39 & Depression & the New Deal: USA, 1929-41 Approx. 1.5mins/mark

  4. Section A, Topic 3

  5. NOT THE SAME AS PAPER 1!!!! Like in your controlled assessment!!!! Think CONTENT & PROVENANCE

  6. How and Why did the USA achieve prosperity in the 1920s?

  7. How and Why did the USA achieve prosperity in the 1920s?

  8. How was the USA governed?Who’s who? TASK: Use your textbook to explain how the USA was governed. Explain the role of the President; Senate; House of Representatives; The Federal System.

  9. How was the USA governed?Who’s who?

  10. What about the FWW? • 1914-1918 • Britain, France, Russia Vs Germany, Austria Hungary, Italy (1915) = MAIN ALLIANCES • USA joined 1917 • Weapons • Trench warfare

  11. What impact did the FWW have on the USA?

  12. FWW & the USA • Joined 1917 • Conscripted 2.8 million men • Fought in the Western Front • 109,900 dead and missing • US trade increased as they had no European rivals during the war • The US industries did well supplying food and arms to Europe • The US took over Germany’s chemical industry • Making dyes, plastics, fertilisers, etc. • The interest from European loans allowed investors to invest in US industry

  13. Using this source, what do we learn about American attitudes to the war by 1918?

  14. The Treaty Of Versailles But the Senate decided not to accept the Treaty of Versailles and so didn’t join the League of Nations WHY?

  15. The League of Nations Woodrow Wilson's great idea

  16. What did Woodrow Wilson want to happen at the end of the FWW? • Do ALL Americans believe the same as him? Explain your answer. • How many points? • Formation of what? DEMOCRAT "I can predict with absolute certainty that within another generation there will be another world war if the nations of the world do not concert the method by which to prevent it."

  17. Republican Senate = never ratified ISOLATIONISM - Attitude

  18. Immigration – what do these things mean? • Laissez faire • anarchists • socialism • WASPS • Quota • Melting pot

  19. What does this image tell you about immigration to the US in the late 19th/early 20th Century?

  20. Immigration - USA

  21. Immigration - USA

  22. The Economic Isolation 1922 Fordney McCumber Tariff Act • All non American goods had to pay a huge tariff or entry tax • This produced a huge domestic budgetary surplus • Most Americans could only therefore buy American goods • Could be raised or lowered by the US President – Harding and Coolidge = 32 times!

  23. Consequences? • Republicans = Harding President (61% vote) • “normalcy” • War not officially over until August 1921 • Poor relations with Europe as the US had taken over German chemical companies and US businesses developed/used new materials e.g. plastics • America never joined the League of Nations • The Forney-McCumber tariff was used to protect US industry by putting high duties on many imports • Restrictions on immigration. Before the US had an ‘open door’ policy but now restrictions were put on: • Total number was restricted from 1921 • A quota system let in numbers of people according to their presence in the US population. This favoured WASPS • A literacy test was imposed in 1917 • The US turned its back on Europe for nearly 20years as the Republicans were in charge

  24. List the reasons for the boom in the American economy in the 1920s.

  25. Why was there a boom in the 1920s?

  26. Car Industry The Cycle of Prosperity!

  27. More jobs are created in other industries. Car Industry Mass productions & Standardisation lead to increased car sales. More Standardised parts are needed The Cycle of Prosperity! Jobs in Diners, Motels & Gas Stations. Steel More Oil is used. Rubber Leather More people with jobs means that they can afford to buy a car! Glass More roads are built.

  28. The Model ‘T’ Ford • Name of the car? • Cost in 1909? • Cost in 1929? • How many cars per min? • Method of production invented by ford? • How many colours? • What was this called? • Give 2 other industries that boomed because of car production.

  29. The Model ‘T’ Ford The attraction of the Model T Ford was that its price never increased. Costing $1200 in 1909, the price in 1928 was only $295. By 1929 Ford was producing more than one car per minute Car production used up 20% of America's steel, 80% of her rubber, 75% of her plate glass and 65% of her leather. By the end of the 1920s American cars used seven billion gallons of petrol a year. This helped to create jobs in the oil industry and made the oil state of Texas rich.

  30. Car Production & Cycle of Prosperity Car production used up 20% of America's steel, 80% of her rubber, 75% of her plate glass and 65% of her leather. By the end of the 1920s American cars used seven billion gallons of petrol a year. This helped to create jobs in the oil industry and made the oil state of Texasrich Assembly line adopted across other industries

  31. New industries… • Electricity – 1930 10 companies controlled 72% or electricity • Skyscrapers – Chrysler/Empire State • Canned goods • Synthetic materials

  32. Advertising… • Give 3 examples of new products developed during this time • Give 2 methods of advertising used • What does hire purchase mean? FACT: By 1929 200 companies Produced 20% of the wealth!

  33. Entertainment: Roaring 20s!

  34. Cinema • 110million/ week by 1929 • Hollywood – OSCAR • Warner Brothers & MGM • 1927 – The Jazz Singer = “TALKIE”

  35. JAZZ – POPULAR MUSIC Duke Ellington & Louis Armstrong Cotton Club in NY

  36. ROARING?

  37. Early 20th Century • Segregation between blacks and whites existed in the southern states • Blacks had the worst jobs and houses • Jim Crow Laws • 1915 – KKK re-founded

  38. The Origins of the KKK • WHEN? • WHO? • WHAT? • WHY? • HOW?

  39. KKK • WASPs (White Anglo-Saxon Protestants) • 1915 William J. Simmons • Jews, Roman Catholics, socialists, communists and anybody they identified as foreigners • 1920s membership of the KKK grew from around 100,000 in 1920 to 5 million in 1925 • Poor whites who felt that their jobs were threatened by black people and immigrants who were willing to work for lower wages • “Klonverations” • Victims were beaten, whipped, tarred and feathered or lynched • State officials in Texas, Oklahoma, Indiana, Oregon and Maine. • November 1925 Klan leader, David C. Stephenson, was found guilty of kidnapping and raping a secretary, Madge Oberholtzer. • Corruption by other members such as the governor of Indiana and the mayor of Indianapolis, membership fell to around 30,000

  40. What is the message of this cartoon?

  41. What was the law that introduced prohibition? • What was prohibited? • What was a speak easy? • Name one group who supported prohibition. • Who was Al Capone?

  42. What was ‘Prohibition’? • A law called the Volstead Act introduced in the USA in January 1920. • It banned the manufacture, sale and transport of alcohol. • The federal government had the power to enforce this law. • It theory the USA became ‘dry’. • It has since become known as the ‘noble experiment’.

  43. Why prohibition?

  44. What does this source suggest about why prohibition was introduced?

  45. Why was prohibition introduced? • It already existed in many states • Moral reasons • Campaigners like the Anti-Saloon League of America • The First World War

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