FCS-FNW-3. Students will identify the factors that affect food choices and dietary quality.

1. FCS-FNW-3. Students will identify the factors that affect food choices and dietary quality. a. Discuss socio-cultural impacts such as race/ethnicity, region, religion, and social and personal environment and analyze the influences of demographic factors: age, gender, education level, family composition, income, and exposure to new foods. b. Describe the importance of sensory attributes and the influence of marketing techniques (such as packaging, advertising techniques, and physical environment) on food choices. c. Discuss the influence of health status and health consciousness including medical diets, food allergies and intolerances, preventive health measures, concerns about pesticides and food additives, nutrient content, and organic production on food choices. d. Discuss the impact of time and monetary constraints, such as family schedules and convenience foods, on dietary quality.

2. Food ChoicesReferences: • Food for Today • McGraw-Hill • Nutrition and Wellness • McGraw-Hill/Glencoe

3. Why You Eat What You Do… • Several influences affect eating choices • People around you • Family: What you ate growing up • Friends: Restaurants and “fad” foods • Culture Connection • Culture is the shared beliefs, values and behavior of a group of people • Where your live, your ethnicity, food traditions

4. Continued • Subgroups of culture • Geography, heritage (ethnic groups), and religion • Food customs • How food is prepared, served, and eaten • Unique foods (BBQ from Texas, Clam Chowder from New England) • Dietary Laws • Example: Jewish religion and a Kosher Diet • Cultural Etiquette • Chopsticks, eating with the hands, etc • Special Occasions • “Thanksgiving” Food”, Wedding Cakes, New Year’s Day (Black Eyed Peas and Collard Greens)

5. Continued… • Available Food Supply • What is grown where you live • Georgia is famous for what things? • Peaches, peanuts, blueberries, corn, soybeans, watermelon, onions • Technology has made an impact on how food supplies are stored and processed • Schedules, Energy, Budget • What you eat and buy are affected by your resources • Time, income level, personal energy, convenience foods (foods that are quick to prepare or eat)

6. Continued… • You • Your lifestyle and characteristics affect food choices • Examples • Age: Teenagers are not apt to eat the same foods that adults do • Attitudes/Emotions: Feelings towards foods (memories or experiences) • Diet goals and health concerns • Knowledge/level of education: New recipes, products and information can influence what you eat • Income Level: Better quality foods cost more • Exposure: Traveling, making new friends, trying new cusine

7. Continued… • Food Advertising • Ads make you aware of new foods and may provide useful information about nutrition • Can you guess these food ads? • Cereal (A Tiger) • Fast Food (A Dog) • Bread (WhooHoo) • Food packaging also plays a major role in why we buy and eat the foods we do • Food stylists create food products for photographs used in advertising • They also use non food items to give the idea of fresh, tasty food • For example, hamburger buns are really foam spray painted and milk is really sour cream

8. PROJECT! • Create a food advertisement for a BRAND NEW FOOD • Must list: • Price • Slogan • What it is • FIVE things that make it great • Picture • MUST BE CREATIVE! • Remember to include what you have just learned about: The factors that affect food choices! • You will be graded on all of the above, neatness, creativity, and timeliness

9. What Do You Think? How might decisions about what you eat be influenced by where you live? What else can influence food choices? Give an example of how a particular lifestyle can affect food choices. Define media. How does the media affect food choices? List three foods you buy because of the packaging.

10. Continued… • Sensory Attributes • Our five senses also affect our food choices • The way your senses respond to food affect your appetite (psychological desire to eat) • Just slight aroma, taste, or seeing your favorite food can make you hungry • Sound can also affect appetite

11. What do you think? • You have five senses: Taste, touch, sound, sight and smell • List each sense and TWO foods that appeal to you for that particular sense • What makes certain foods so appealing to you? • What are some foods that trigger your appetite? • Why do you think that some foods don’t satisfy your hunger?

12. Continued… • Your tongue is covered with papillae (puh-pih-lee), or tiny bumps that contain taste buds • Each papilla has hundreds of taste buds, which distinguish sweet, sour, salty, and bitter tastes • Other nerve endings sense temperature and texture • When one of your senses is altered, the flavor of food may be altered as well • Illness and medications can dull sensations and detract from the flavor of food • When you have a cold and you can’t smell, it alters the taste of food

13. Sense Activities Taste Test Smell Test

14. Special Diets and Health Concerns • Only a doctor or a health professional should recommend a medical diet • Once a medical diet has been set in place, it is important to follow it as close as possible • The most common medical diet is probably a diabetic diet

15. Diabetes • A condition in which the body can’t control levels of sugar in the blood properly • It all has to do with insulin, which is a body chemical that helps sugar in your blood move into your body’s cells • In one type of diabetes, the body doesn’t produce enough insulin • In another, the body doesn’t use the insulin that is produced normally • Oral medicine or insulin injections may be necessary • A special diet low in sugars is required • Those who are overweight are at high risk for developing diabetes

16. Modified Diet • A special eating plan that helps to keep a medical condition under control • It may involve limiting certain foods or choosing foods for nutritional value • Examples • Low fat/low cholesterol • Low sodium • High fiber • Soft diet

17. Food Additives • These are used to improve flavor or appearance • Common examples include preservatives, food colorings, flavorings, sweeteners, etc. • Food additives can serve valuable purposes in the production of food, but if used in excess, they may pose risk to health • A common belief is that food colorings (specifically red and yellow) can add to the effects of ADHD

18. Food Intolerance • The body has trouble digesting or handling a component of food • Examples: • Gluten • People can’t digest this protein found in wheat products • Lactose Intolerance • The inability to adequately digest lactose, the main sugar found in milk and milk products • Symptoms include diarrhea, stomach pains and nausea • People will need to: • drink 1 cup of milk or less with other foods • Eat hard aged cheeses (parmesan) and yogurt • Choose lactose free products or use the drops that reduce lactose • Ask your doctor for a prescriptive supplement that will help you digest lactose

19. Food Allergies • A sensitivity to a food that involves the body’s immune system • The immune system mistakenly reacts to the food as if it were an illness to fight • Reactions include rashes, vomiting, stomach cramps, breathing problems • The reactions usually occur right after eating the food, or just by being around them • If you think you have a food allergy, there are many types of tests your doctor can perform on you • The allergy is treated by preventing the reaction and eliminating foods from your diet that cause the reaction

20. Food and Medications • They can affect each other and your body’s chemistry • Food can help or hinder your body’s use of medicines • Also, some medicines affect how your body uses nutrients • Follow instructions for taking medicines, especially when they say to take with food or drink • If medicine is taken on an empty stomach, it can slow the absorption or cause ulcers • Some foods will react with medications

21. Organic Foods • Organic foods have become very popular over the last decade • Many people chose organic because of the way that food is grown and harvested • Organic foods do not use chemical fertilizers or pesticides • Some people feel that these cause cancers and diseases, as well as harm the environment • These foods must be stamped with the USDA seal of approval for organic food • These foods have not been proven more nutritious than conventional farmed foods • Organic foods are more costly