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1. Boundless Lecture Slides Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

2. Using Boundless Presentations Boundless Teaching Platform Boundless empowers educators to engage their students with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books, or make switching to our platform easier by building from Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they need to assign readings and assessments, monitor student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made teaching resources. Get started now at: • The Appendix The appendix is for you to use to add depth and breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and drop slides from the appendix into the main presentation to make for a richer lecture experience. http://boundless.com/teaching-platform • Free to edit, share, and copy Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies of the Boundless presentations as you like. We encourage you to take these presentations and make them your own. If you have any questions or problems please email: educators@boundless.com Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

3. About Boundless • Boundless is an innovative technology company making education more affordable and accessible for students everywhere. The company creates the world’s best open educational content in 20+ subjects that align to more than 1,000 popular college textbooks. Boundless integrates learning technology into all its premium books to help students study more efficiently at a fraction of the cost of traditional textbooks. The company also empowers educators to engage their students more effectively through customizable books and intuitive teaching tools as part of the Boundless Teaching Platform. More than 2 million learners access Boundless free and premium content each month across the company’s wide distribution platforms, including its website, iOS apps, Kindle books, and iBooks. To get started learning or teaching with Boundless, visit boundless.com. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

4. The Renaissance The Renaissance Italy During the Renaissance Humanist Thought Art in the Renaissance ] Literature in the Renaissance The Renaissance Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

5. The Northern Renaissance The Renaissance(continued) ] The Renaissance Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

6. The Renaissance > The Renaissance The Renaissance • Introduction to the Renaissance Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-renaissance-408/the-renaissance-58/

7. The Renaissance > Italy During the Renaissance Italy During the Renaissance • Italian Trade Cities • Italian Politics • The Church During the Italian Renaissance Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-renaissance-408/italy-during-the-renaissance-409/

8. The Renaissance > Humanist Thought Humanist Thought • Petrarch • Humanism • Education and Humanism Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-renaissance-408/humanist-thought-412/

9. The Renaissance > Art in the Renaissance Art in the Renaissance • The Italian Renaissance • Art and Patronage • Leonardo da Vinci • Michelangelo • Mannerism Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-renaissance-408/art-in-the-renaissance-413/

10. The Renaissance > Literature in the Renaissance Literature in the Renaissance • The Rise of the Vernacular • Renaissance Writers • Christine de Pizan • Machiavelli Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-renaissance-408/literature-in-the-renaissance-418/

11. The Renaissance > The Northern Renaissance The Northern Renaissance • Erasmus • The Printing Revolution • Flemish Painting in the Northern Renaissance Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com www.boundless.com/world-history/textbooks/boundless-world-history-textbook/the-renaissance-408/the-northern-renaissance-422/

12. Appendix Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

13. The Renaissance Key terms • alchemistA person who practices the philosophical and proto-scientific tradition aimed to purify, mature, and perfect certain objects, such as the transmutation of "base metals" (e.g., lead) into "noble" ones (particularly gold) and the creation of an elixir of immortality. • anthropocentricBelieving human beings to be the central or most significant species on the planet, or the assessing reality through an exclusively human perspective. • Avignon PapacyThe period from 1309 to 1377, during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon, France. • chivalryA code of conduct associated with the medieval institution of knighthood, which later developed into social and moral virtues more generally. • CiceroA Roman philosopher, politician, lawyer, orator, political theorist, consul, and constitutionalist who lived from 106–43 BCE. • city-stateA political phenomenon of small independent states mostly in the central and northern Italian peninsula between the 9th and 15th centuries. • contrappostoThe standing position of a human figure where most of the weight is placed on one foot, and the other leg is relaxed.  The effect of contrapposto in art makes figures look very naturalistic. • Counter-ReformationA period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation. • Dark AgesAn imprecise term of historical periodization that was once used to refer to the Middle Ages but is latterly most commonly used in relation to the early medieval period, i.e., the centuries following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire; the term was coined by Petrarch. • ecclesiasticThe theological study of the Christian church. • feminismA range of political movements, ideologies, and social movements that share a common goal: to define, establish, and achieve political, economic, personal, and social rights for women that are equal to those of men. • frescoA type of wall painting in which color pigments are mixed with water and applied to wet plaster. As the plaster and pigments dry, they fuse together and the painting becomes a part of the wall itself. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

14. The Renaissance • Gutenberg BibleThe first major book printed in the West using movable type. It marked the start of the age of the printed book in the West and is widely praised for its high aesthetic and artistic qualities. • Hanseatic LeagueA commercial and defensive confederation of merchant guilds and their market towns that dominated trade along the coast of Northern Europe. • High RenaissanceThe period in art history denoting the apogee of the visual arts in the Italian Renaissance. The High Renaissance period is traditionally thought to have begun in the 1490s—with Leonardo's fresco of The Last Supper in Milan and the death of Lorenzo de' Medici in Florence—and to have ended in 1527, with the Sack of Rome by the troops of Charles V. • House of MediciAn Italian banking family, political dynasty, and later royal house in the Republic of Florence during the first half of the 15th century that had a major impact on the rise of the Italian Renaissance. • HumanismThe study of classical antiquity, at first in Italy and then spreading across Western Europe in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries. • HumanismA cultural and intellectual movement in 14th–16th century Europe characterized by attention to Classical culture and a promotion of vernacular texts, notably during the Renaissance. • humanistOne who studies classical antiquity and the intellectual adoption of its philosophies, centered on the important role of humans in the universe. • Hundred Years' WarA series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet, rulers of the Kingdom of England, against the House of Valois, rulers of the Kingdom of France, for control of the Kingdom of France. • illusionismThe realistic and precise representation of people, space, and objects. • Johannes Gutenberg(c. 1395–1468) A German blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe. His invention of mechanical movable type printing started the Printing Revolution and is widely regarded as the most important event of the modern period. • LevantThe countries bordering the eastern Mediterranean Sea. • Liberal artsThose areas of learning that require and cultivate general intellectual ability rather than technical skills; the humanities. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

15. The Renaissance • Lorenzo de' MediciAn Italian statesman and de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic, who was one of the most powerful and enthusiastic patrons of the Renaissance. • MachiavellianCunning and scheming in statecraft or in general conduct. • MannerismA style of art developed at the end of the High Renaissance, characterized by the deliberate distortion and exaggeration of perspective, especially the elongation of figures. • MannerismStyle of art in Europe from c. 1520–1600. Mannerism came after the High Renaissance and before the Baroque. Not every artist painting during this period is considered a Mannerist artist. • MediciThe last name of a powerful and influential aristocratic Florentine family from the 13th to the 17th century. • metaphysicsA branch of philosophy concerned with explaining the fundamental nature of being and the world that encompasses it. • neo-PlatonismA tradition of philosophy that arose in the 3rd century CE, based on the philosophy of Plato, which involved describing the derivation of the whole of reality from a single principle, "the One." Plotinus is traditionally identified as the founder of this school. • patronageThe support, encouragement, privilege, or financial aid that an organization or individual bestows on another, especially in the arts. • PetrarchAn Italian scholar and poet in Renaissance Italy, and one of the earliest humanists. • polyptychA work consisting of multiple painted or carved panels joined together, often with hinges. • realpolitikPolitics or diplomacy based primarily on considerations of given circumstances and factors, rather than explicit ideological notions or moral and ethical premises. • RenaissanceA cultural movement from the 14th to the 17th century, beginning in Italy and later spreading to the rest of Europe. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

16. The Renaissance • republicanismAn ideology of being a citizen in a state in which power resides in elected individuals representing the citizen body. • satiricalCharacteristic of a genre of literature in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, groups, or society itself into improvement. • sfumatoIn painting, the application of subtle layers of translucent paint so that there is no visible transition between colors, tones, and often objects. • Sistine ChapelThe best-known chapel in the Apostolic Palace. • Spenserian stanzaFixed verse form invented by Edmund Spenser for his epic poem "The Faerie Queene." Each stanza contains nine lines in total; the rhyme scheme of these lines is "ababbcbcc. " • studia humanitatisSpecifically, a cultural and intellectual movement in 14th–16th century Europe characterized by attention to classical culture and a promotion of vernacular texts, notably during the Renaissance. • TacitusA senator and a historian of the Roman Empire (c. 56–after 117 CE). • temperaA type of painting where color pigments are mixed with a binder, usually egg. Tempera can also refers to the finished work of art itself. • triptychA picture or series of pictures painted on three tablets connected by hinges. • vernacularThe native language or native dialect of a specific population, especially as distinguished from a literary, national, or standard variety of the language. • VitruviusA Roman author, architect, and civil engineer (born c. 80–70 BC, died after c. 15 BCE), perhaps best known for his multi-volume work entitled De Architectura. • Vittorino da FeltreAn Italian humanist and teacher who started an important humanist school in Mantua. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

17. The Renaissance • Western SchismA split within the Roman Catholic Church that lasted from 1378 to 1417, when three men simultaneously claimed to be the true pope. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com

18. The Renaissance The Decameron A depiction of Giovanni Boccaccio and Florentines who have fled from the plague, the frame story for The Decameron. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Giovanni_Boccaccio_and_Florentines_who_have_fled_from_the_plague.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Boccaccio#/media/File:Giovanni_Boccaccio_and_Florentines_who_have_fled_from_the_plague.jpgView on Boundless.com

19. The Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man shows clearly the effect writers of Antiquity had on Renaissance thinkers. Based on the specifications in Vitruvius' De architectura (1st century BCE), Leonardo tried to draw the perfectly proportioned man. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Da Vinci Vitruve Luc Viatour."Public domainhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Da_Vinci_Vitruve_Luc_Viatour.jpgView on Boundless.com

20. The Renaissance The Renaissance: Was it a Thing? - Crash Course World History #22 European learning changed the world in the 15th and 16th centuries, but was it a cultural revolution, or an evolution? We'd argue that any cultural shift that occurs over a couple of hundred years isn't too overwhelming to the people who live through it. In retrospect though, the cultural bloom in Europe during this time was pretty impressive. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

21. The Renaissance Venice and the Ottoman Empire: Crash Course World History #19 John Green discusses the strange and mutually beneficial relationship between a republic, the city-state of Venice, and an Empire, the Ottomans—and how studying history can help you to be a better boyfriend and/or girlfriend. Together, the Ottoman Empire and Venice grew wealthy by facilitating trade: The Venetians had ships and nautical expertise; the Ottomans had access to many of the most valuable goods in the world, especially pepper and grain. Working together across cultural and religious divides, they both become very rich, and the Ottomans became one of the most powerful political entities in the world. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

22. The Renaissance Picture from The Book of the City of Ladies The Treasure of the City of Ladies is a manual of education by medieval Italian-French author Christine de Pizan. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."540px-Meister_der_'Cité_des_Dames'_002.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_de_Pizan#/media/File:Meister_der_%27Cite_des_Dames%27_002.jpgView on Boundless.com

23. The Renaissance The Medici House Medici family members placed allegorically in the entourage of a king from the Three Wise Men in the Tuscan countryside in a Benozzo Gozzoli fresco, c. 1459. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Gozzoli_magi.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_Medici#/media/File:Gozzoli_magi.jpgView on Boundless.com

24. The Renaissance Philosophia et septem artes liberales A painting symbolizing the liberal arts, depicting individuals representing the seven areas of liberal arts study, all circling around Plato and Socrates. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Hortus_Deliciarum,_Die_Philosophie_mit_den_sieben_freien_Künsten.JPG."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_arts_education#/media/File:Hortus_Deliciarum,_Die_Philosophie_mit_den_sieben_freien_Kunsten.JPGView on Boundless.com

25. The Renaissance Erasmus Erasmus in 1523 as depicted by Hans Holbein the Younger. The Greek and Latin words on the book translate to "The Herculean Labours of Erasmus of Rotterdam." Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Holbein-erasmus.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desiderius_Erasmus#/media/File:Holbein-erasmus.jpgView on Boundless.com

26. The Renaissance Early wooden printing press, depicted in 1568 Such presses could produce up to 240 impressions per hour. At the left in the foreground, a "puller" removes a printed sheet from the press. The "beater" to his right is inking the form. In the background, compositors are setting type. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Printer in 1568."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Printer_in_1568-ce.pngView on Boundless.com

27. The Renaissance Spread of printing in the 15th century from Mainz, Germany Printing places showing the spread of incunabula printing in the 15th century. Two hundred seventy-one locations are known; the largest of them are designated by name. The term "incunabula" referred to printed materials and came to denote the printed books themselves in the late 17th century. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Printing towns incunabula."CC BY-SA 3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_spread_of_the_printing_press%23mediaviewer/File:Printing_towns_incunabula.svgView on Boundless.com

28. The Renaissance Printing on a Gutenberg press A demonstration of how to print on a Gutenberg printing press. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

29. The Renaissance Palazzo della Signoria e Uffizzi, Florence Florence was one of the most important city-states in Italy. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."FirenzeIMG0281 bordercropped."CC BY-SA 3.0https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FirenzeIMG0281_bordercropped.jpgView on Boundless.com

30. The Renaissance The Descent from the Cross by Rogier van der Weyden Van der Weyden's most well-known painting is The Descent From the Cross, circa 1435. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."El Descendimiento, by Rogier van der Weyden, from Prado in Google Earth."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:El_Descendimiento,_by_Rogier_van_der_Weyden,_from_Prado_in_Google_Earth.jpgView on Boundless.com

31. The Renaissance The Merode Altarpiece attributed to Robert Campin The Merode Altarpiece is a triptych that features the Archangel Gabriel approaching Mary, who is reading in a well-decorated, typical middle class Flanders home. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Merodealtarpiece."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Merodealtarpiece.jpgView on Boundless.com

32. The Renaissance Portrait of Dante Dante Alighieri was a major Italian poet of the Late Middle Ages who influenced and set the precedent for Renaissance literature. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Portrait_de_Dante.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dante_Alighieri#/media/File:Portrait_de_Dante.jpgView on Boundless.com

33. The Renaissance The Ghent Altarpiece by Jan van Eyck The Ghent Altarpiece, a commissioned polyptych from around 1432, is perhaps van Eyck's most famous work. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Lamgods open."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lamgods_open.jpgView on Boundless.com

34. The Renaissance Pope Alexander VI Alexander VI, a Borgia pope infamous for his corruption. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."440px-Alexander_VI_-_Pinturicchio_detail.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance#/media/File:Alexander_VI_-_Pinturicchio_detail.jpgView on Boundless.com

35. The Renaissance Francesco Petrarca Statue of Petrarch on the Uffizi Palace, in Florence. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."340px-Francesco_Petrarca2.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrarch#/media/File:Francesco_Petrarca2.jpgView on Boundless.com

36. The Renaissance Christine de Pizan A painting of Christine de Pizan, considered by some scholars to be a proto-feminist, lecturing four men. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Christine_de_Pisan_-_cathedra.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_de_Pizan#/media/File:Christine_de_Pisan_-_cathedra.jpgView on Boundless.com

37. The Renaissance Portrait of Niccolò Machiavelli Machiavelli is a political philosopher infamous for his justification of violence in his treatise The Prince. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."440px-Portrait_of_Niccolò_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccolo_Machiavelli#/media/File:Portrait_of_Niccolo_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpgView on Boundless.com

38. The Renaissance Laura Cereta Laura Cereta (1469–1499) was a Renaissance Humanist and feminist. Most of her writing was in the form of letters to other intellectuals. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Laura Cereta."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laura_Cereta%23mediaviewer/File:LauraCereta.jpgView on Boundless.com

39. The Renaissance Cosimo di Giovanni de' Medici Portrait of Cosimo de' Medici, the found of the House of Medici, by Jacopo Pontormo; the laurel branch (il Broncone) was a symbol used also by his heirs. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."1024px-Pontormo_-_Ritratto_di_Cosimo_il_Vecchio_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosimo_de%27_Medici#/media/File:Pontormo_-_Ritratto_di_Cosimo_il_Vecchio_-_Google_Art_Project.jpgView on Boundless.com

40. The Renaissance Michelangelo's Pietà in St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City Michelangelo's Pietà exemplifies the character of Renaissance art, combining the classical aesthetic of Greek art with religious imagery, in this case Mother Mary holding the body of Jesus after the crucifixion. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."400px-Michelangelo's_Pieta_5450_cut_out_black.jpg."CC BY-SA 3.0https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Christianity#/media/File:Michelangelo%27s_Pieta_5450_cut_out_black.jpgView on Boundless.com

41. The Renaissance Renaissance Man ("Blister in the Sun" by the Violent Femmes) Quick overview of some of the prominent men of the Renaissance. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com View on Boundless.com

42. The Renaissance The Virgin of the Rocks, Leonardo da Vinci, 1483–1486 This painting shows the Madonna and Child Jesus with the infant John the Baptist and an angel, in a rocky setting. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_Vergine_delle_Rocce_28Louvre29.jpg."Public domainhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgin_of_the_RocksView on Boundless.com

43. The Renaissance The David by Michelangelo, 1504 Michelangelo's David stands in contrapposto pose. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."David von Michelangelo."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:David_von_Michelangelo.jpgView on Boundless.com

44. The Renaissance St. Peter's Basillica Michelangelo designed the dome of St. Peter's Basilica on or before 1564, although it was unfinished when he died. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Petersdom von Engelsburg gesehen."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Petersdom_von_Engelsburg_gesehen.jpgView on Boundless.com

45. The Renaissance The Last Judgement The fresco of The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel was commissioned by Pope Clement VII. Michelangelo worked on the project from 1534–1541. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Michelangelo, Giudizio Universale 02."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Michelangelo,_Giudizio_Universale_02.jpgView on Boundless.com

46. The Renaissance Marriage of the Virgin, by Raphael The painting depicts a marriage ceremony between Mary and Joseph. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Italian Renaissance painting."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Renaissance_paintingView on Boundless.com

47. The Renaissance Birth of Venus Botticelli's Birth of Venus was among the most important works of the early Renaissance. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Sandro Botticelli - La nascita di Venere - Google Art Project - edited."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sandro_Botticelli_-_La_nascita_di_Venere_-_Google_Art_Project_-_edited.jpgView on Boundless.com

48. The Renaissance "The Battle of San Romano" by Paolo Uccello Italian Humanist paintings were largely concerned with the depiction of perspective and light. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Uccello Battle of San Romano Uffizi."CC BY-SAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Uccello_Battle_of_San_Romano_Uffizi.jpgView on Boundless.com

49. The Renaissance Donatello's David Donatello's David is regarded as an iconic Humanist work of art. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikimedia."Donatello - David - Florença."CC BY-SAhttps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Donatello_-_David_-_Floren%C3%A7a.jpgView on Boundless.com

50. The Renaissance Mona Lisa In the Mona Lisa, da Vinci incorporates his sfumato technique to create a shadowy quality. Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com Wikipedia."Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched."Public domainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mona_Lisa,_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci,_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpgView on Boundless.com