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20.1: Species Interactions, cont.

20.1: Species Interactions, cont. Competition and predation are two important ways in which organisms interact. 1. Competition - occurs when two organisms fight for the same limited resources. A. Intraspecific competition - competition between organisms of same species.

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20.1: Species Interactions, cont.

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  1. 20.1: Species Interactions, cont.

  2. Competition and predation are two important ways in which organisms interact.

  3. 1. Competition- occurs when two organisms fight for the same limited resources.

  4. A. Intraspecific competition - competition between organisms of same species Example: Zebras fighting for mates

  5. B. Interspecific competition- competition between different species Example: Different types of barnacles compete for rock space

  6. i. Competitive exclusion- when two species are competing for same resources • one species will be better suited to the niche • other species will be pushed into another niche (niche partitioning) or become extinct  

  7. c. ) niche partitioning- dividing of niche by two competing species (e.g. top or tree, or bottom of tree)

  8. 2. Predation- process by which one organism captures and feeds upon another organism. 

  9. 3. Symbiosis- close ecological relationship between two or more organisms of different species that live in direct contact

  10. MUTUALISM • Mutualism: ( +/+) both benefit EX. Clown fish get shelter and anemone gets free cleaning.

  11. B. COMMENSALISM • Commensalism: (+/0) one benefits and one neutral EX. Barnacles on Grey Whale

  12. C. PARASITISM • Parasitism: +/- (but not killed) EX. intestinal worms / humans 1. parasite: small and lives on or in the host organism 2. weaken the host 3. evolutionary adaptation kept the host healthy enough to allow parasite reproduction

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