Unidad 2 Leccion 2

1. Unidad 2 Leccion 2 Unit 2 Chapter 2

2. El Preterito • talks about something that happened in the past. • It is used when the action described has already been completed. • Regular preterite verbs, like present tense verbs, are formed by adding tense endings.

3. Preterite –ar verbs • Ejemplo: Hablar

4. Preterite –er & -ir verbs • Ejemplo: Comer Vivir * Regular –er and –ir verbs take the same endings.

5. The nosotros form of –ar and –ir verbs are the same in the preterite and in the present tense. But we can usually tell if someone is referring to the past or the present from the context. Abuela says: -Yo viajé a Costa Rica el verano pasado. Acampamos en un parque y caminamos por San José. I traveled to Costa Rica last summer. We camped in a park and walked through San José. Even though Abuela uses the words acampamos y caminamos, we know that she is talking about an event in the past because she used the word viajé in the previous sentence.

6. Preterite: -car, -gar, -zar • In the preterite, verbs that end in –car, -gar, -zar are spelled differently in the yo form. The spelling changed in order to keep the pronunciation the same. • c qu sacar yo saqué • z c almorzar yo almorcé • g gu jugar yo jugué

7. Verbs with –car, -gar, -zar Spelling Changes c qu Explicar (to explain) Buscar ( to look for) practicar ( to practice) Tocar (to touch, to play an instrument) z c comenzar (e – ie) (to start) empezar (e-ie) (to begin) g gu llegar ( to arrive) pagar ( to pay)

8. An unaccented i between two vowels changes to y. Papá lo leyó ayer. ( verb leer in the él form) = leió = leyó No oyeron las noticias.

9. The verbs ir, ser, and hacer, which are very common, are irregular in the preterite. * Ir and ser have the same irregular forms.

10. Adjectives of Nationality • Adjectives of a nationality whose singular masculine form ends in –o have a feminine form ending in –a. the plural of these adjectives is formed by adding –s. argentino chino hondureño salvadoreño chileno boliviano dominicano italiano guatemalteco sueco brasileño ecuatoriano mexicano suizo colombiano europeo paraguayo uruguayo coreano filipino peruano venezolano Cubano griego puertorriqueño ruso

11. Adjectives of Nationality • Adjectives of nationality whos singluar form ends in –e, -a, or an accented í have only one form which is masculine and feminine. Canadiense marroquí israelita Costarricense nicaragüense vietnamita Estadounidense paquistaní

12. Adjectives of nationality • Adjectives of nationality that end in a consonant from the feminine singular by adding –a. The plural of these adjectives is formed by adding –es to masculine adjectives and –s to feminine ones. Aleman francés irlandés Escocés holandés japonés Español inglés portugués