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Cellular Processes: Understanding Membrane Transport and Energy Conversion

Explore the intricate processes of cellular functions such as protein synthesis, homeostasis, and energy conversion. Learn about the plasma membrane, ATP energy conversion, and the structures involved in maintaining cell equilibrium.

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Cellular Processes: Understanding Membrane Transport and Energy Conversion

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  1. Cell processes: Plasma Membrane Transport of Molecules Energy Conversion Protein Synthesis

  2. Homeostasis • Balance internal conditions of cells • Maintain “Equilibrium” • Plasma Membrane controls what enters & leaves cell. Plasma Membrane functions: • Protective Barrier • “Selectively/Semi Permeable”: Decides what to let in/out

  3. Structure of Plasma Membrane • Lipids: structural component- phospholipid bilayer • Proteins: structural support, communication, transport (channel or carrier) • Carbohydrate: communication, cell recognition

  4. Cell/plasma Membrane STRUCTURE

  5. Passive vs active transport • What’s the biggest difference between the two?

  6. HIGH concentration to LOW concentration

  7. Solutions that affect osmosis in cells • Isotonic: equal concentration of substances Cell stays same • Hyptotonic: less solutes than inside cell Cell swells • Hypertonic: more solutes than inside cell Cell Shrinks

  8. LOW concentration to HIGH concentration ATP

  9. Energy Conversions Cellular Respiration in the mitochondria breaks down sugars to release energy in the form of ATP for cells to use. During Photosynthesis energy from the sun is converted to sugars (glucose C6H12O6) in the chloroplast. Photosynthesis Vs. Cellular respiration

  10. Energy is stored in Bonds ATP • Cells CANNOT use glucose…it must first be converted to Adenosine Triphosphate:

  11. DNARNAPROTEIN • Double-strand “helix” Single-strand • Deoxyribose sugar Ribose sugar • C/G & A-T Uracil instead of thymine • Stays in nucleus Leaves nucleus Both made up of nucleotides Made up of amino acids Both carry genetic code Expressed as traits

  12. How would you answer??

  13. Can You recall?? What chemical bond in ATP releases energy when broken? A) phosphate B) sulfur C) oxygen D) potassium

  14. Can You recall?? What chemical bond in ATP releases energy when broken? A) phosphate B) sulfur C) oxygen D) potassium

  15. CAN you recall?? • Name the three types of passive transport

  16. Can You Recall?? Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic

  17. Which of the following diagrams accurately represents the use of gases in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis? A) B) C) D)

  18. Which of the following diagrams accurately represents the use of gases in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis? A) B) C) D)

  19. Which type of cellular transport requires atp?

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