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Geospatial Data and GML Technology for Effective Business Solutions

Discover how leveraging Geospatial Data and GML Technology can enhance business operations, reduce costs, and improve data interoperability and sharing. Learn about the benefits, technology, and value propositions associated with GML.

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Geospatial Data and GML Technology for Effective Business Solutions

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  1. & <GML/>

  2. GML | business drivers • “…about 80 percent of all government information has a geospatial data component…In 1993…[an] estimated that $4.1 billion was spent annually, at the federal level, on collection and management of geographically referenced data…state and local governments are estimated to spend twice that of the federal government...” • “…about 50 percent of the federal government’s geospatial data investment is redundant.” • “…up to 80 percent of GIS costs are related to the collection and management of geospatial data.”

  3. GML | business drivers INSPIRE “…widespread access to and use of spatial information is still a problem in Europe. The main problems relate to data gaps, missing documentation, incompatible spatial data sets and services due e.g. to varying standards, and barriers to the sharing and reuse of spatial data.”

  4. GML | value proposition • Increased utility, lower costs • Ability to leverage IT investments in unforeseen ways • Avoidance of further generations of closed, dead end solutions • savings to investment ratio of 119% • projects that adopted and implemented geospatial interoperability standards saved 26.2% compared to the projects that relied upon a proprietary standard

  5. Xerces JAXP .NET Saxon GML | technology • Open XML encoding of a standard geospatial model ISO 19100 <GML/> W3C xml xsd xlink

  6. GML | technology • Standard logical and encoding models

  7. GML | technology • Implements ISO 19100 series • ISO/TS 19103 – Conceptual Schema Language (units of measure, basic types), • ISO 19107 – Spatial schema (geometry and topology objects), • ISO 19108 – Temporal schema (temporal geometry and topology objects, temporal reference systems), • ISO 19109 – Rules for application schemas (features), • ISO 19111 – Spatial referencing by coordinates (coordinate reference systems), • ISO 19123 – Schema for coverage geometry and functions

  8. GML | technology • GML is XML • Open standard for representing and processing data. • Provides a way to mark up text content that adds information about its purpose. <gml:coordinates> 123.04243527088623,49.3000136701627 </gml:coordinates> • Separates content and style • The alternative to using XML is to define your own proprietary data syntax, and then build your own proprietary tools to support that proprietary syntax...

  9. GML | technology • Schema framework

  10. GML | benefits • Universal geospatial data transport GML GML GML WFS (ESRI) WFS (Oracle) WFS (PostGIS)

  11. Road network Environment Emergency Response GML | benefits • Information communities

  12. GML | benefits • Expressive and explicit

  13. GML | benefits • Feature relationships • As in the real world, features are objects that can relate to other objects • Properties are used to explicitly model the relationship semantics

  14. GML | benefits • Real-time data integration • Shared GML vocabularies increases probability of both formalized and ad hoc data integration • Data from different GML vocabularies can still be integrated through XSLT transformation and/or geospatial web services AIXM DAFIF

  15. GML | benefits • Enables geospatial web services • A web service is a software interface that describes a collection of operations that can be accessed over the network through standardized XML messaging. • OGC services include Web Map Server (WMS), Web Feature Server, and Web Registry Server (WRS)

  16. AIXM | GML • Mission: timely, consistent, high quality aeronautical information • Objectives: • A common language for expressing aeronautical information for human and computer interpretation; • Cost savings through software reuse and data model reuse; • Increased safety through improved data integrity and timeliness; • Cost reduction through improvements in data quality checking and integration.

  17. AIXM-GML | schema framework

  18. X X X X X <AIXM-GML Profile/> X X X X X X X AIXM-GML | AIXM Profile Introduction | Business | Technology | Interactions | Future

  19. AIXM-GML | feature identification • Implicit and explicit • Natural key: identification by property state • Explicit identifiers <Runway gml:id="local-ID"> <gml:identifier>global-ID</gml:identifier> ... </Runway>

  20. AIXM-GML | geometry • Normative implicit definition • Informative explicit encoding

  21. AIXM-GML | geometry • Standard geometry encoding <aixm:extent> <gml:Polygon srsName="EPSG:4326"> <gml:exterior> <gml:LinearRing> <gml:coordinates>...</gml:coordinates> </gml:LinearRing> </gml:exterior> </gml:Polygon> </aixm:extent>

  22. AIXM-GML | feature lifetime • Event-driven model: feature history • State @ certain time: version

  23. AIXM-GML | feature lifetime

  24. AIXM-GML | extensibility • Framework for local extensions

  25. AIXM-GML | future work • Audit draft AIXM GML schemas for compliance with GML v3.1.1 specification • Work with AIXM design team to resolve any non-compliance issues • Migrate AIXM schemas to GML v3.2 • Refine AIXM GML Profile • Work with AIXM design team to develop GML change proposals

  26. AIXM-GML | future work • GML v3.2 • Official ISO standard • Improve consistency and usability • UML to/from GML rules according to ISO 19109 • Changes from v3.1.1 • New version-qualified namespace: http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2 • Even more explicit encoding • Increased emphasis on profiles

  27. AIXM-GML | knowledge and tools • 2007: From Mashups to Infrastructure • Bringing together of geospatial customers, managers, and developers • Vancouver July 07

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