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STIs: Myths, Facts, and Reducing Risks

Learn the truth about STIs and how to reduce your risk of contracting them. Understand the myths and facts around STIs, different types of pathogens, and common STIs like Chlamydia, Syphilis, HPV, Herpes, Gonorrhea, and more. Take steps to protect yourself and your partners.

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STIs: Myths, Facts, and Reducing Risks

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  1. MYTH or FACT You are able to get some STI’s more than once. Answer: FACT

  2. MYTH or FACT • If you get checked and you’re STI free, your partner doesn’t need to get checked as well. • Answer: MYTH

  3. MYTH or FACT • You can’t get an STI if your partner is a virgin • Answer: Myth

  4. MYTH or FACT • Skin to skin contact isn’t enough. You can only get an STI from semen. • Answer: MYTH

  5. MYTH or FACT • The only way to 100% avoid STI’s is to not have sexual contact. • Answer: FACT

  6. STI’s REDUCING YOUR RISK!!

  7. STIs • Sexually Transmitted Infections – • A person can have an infection and pass it on to others with out actually knowing they have the disease. are infectious diseases spread from person to person through sexual contact. STIs are caused by (a disease causing agent; bacteria or virus) pathogens

  8. People (kissing, shaking hands, sex etc.) Blood (transfusions, open wound/ulcers) Air (coughing, sneezing) Objects (needles, combs, glasses) Animals (bites, petting) Food & water Spread of Pathogens

  9. Exterior Defense 1. Skin 2. Perspiration 3. Body Oil 4. Tears 5. Mucus 6. Hair 7. Saliva 8. Stomach Acids Immune System and Your Body

  10. Interior Defense Lymphocytes 2 Types – Helper T Cells B Cells – Immune System and Your Body (type of white blood cells) – signal B cells makes infection susceptible to macrophages (killer cells)

  11. Check for Understanding • Situation: You and your friends decide to go to a tattoo parlor to get a tattoo. • Explain how it is possible for you to contract a STI pathogen.

  12. STI Pathogens • Bacteria - 1,000 types - release toxins • Virus - smallest pathogen - invades cell *As a general rule in regards to STI’s – Bacteria = cure Virus = no cure

  13. are actions that can lead to the contraction of STIs Risky Behaviors • Sex with more than one person • Unprotected sex • Having high risk partners (partners that are sexually active with multiple people) • Using alcohol or other drugs – How might this increase your chances of contracting an STI?

  14. What are the two types of pathogens that cause a STI?

  15. Chlamydia *#1 STD in America Cause: bacteria affecting reproductive organs of both males and females Symptoms: – asymptomatic: no visible symptoms in 75% of cases Discharge (white)burning during urination Complications: sterility and PID in females Treatment: antibiotic Cure: Yes

  16. Syphilis Cause: bacteria Symptoms: Stage 1: develop small painless ulcerations formed from infection called Stage 2: Skin Rash Stage 3: Latent period, symptoms disappear organ damage begins Stage 4: 10-30 years later major complications Complications: brain damage, paralysis, death Treatment: penicillin in early stages Cure: Yes a chancre sore

  17. Genital Warts/HPV *An estimated 75% of sexually active people carry this Cause: Human Papillomavirus Symptoms: Warts appear; asymptomatic, most don’t develop any symptoms and it goes unrecognized. Complications: Can lead to cancers, mainly cervical cancer Treatment: laser warts, antibiotics to reduce outbreaks Cure: No

  18. Herpes Cause: simplex virus (Type 1 – cold sores, Type 2 – genital sores) Symptoms: Sores may appear after 2 weeks. May be asymptomatic or have flu-like symptoms Complications: painful outbreaks, possible transmission the baby, and more susceptible to HIV Treatment: antibiotics to reduce outbreaks Cure: NO

  19. Gonorrhea Cause: bacteria - attacks mucus membranes Symptoms: males- discharge yellow or white / burning during urination. Swollen testicle Female- yellow discharge / burning during urination Treatment: antibiotics Complications: PID Males infertility Late - Both spreads to bloodstream can hurt joints, hrt valve, and brain

  20. Pubic Lice Cause: crab lice invade pubic hair TOILET SEAT, SHEETS 24 hours Symptoms: itching Treatment: OTC shampoo to get rid of lice Complications: discomfort PUBIC LICE HEAD LICE

  21. HIV & AIDS HIV- Human Immunodeficiency Virus- virus destroys body’s T-Cells (destroys immune system) AIDS- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome- HIV turns into AIDS when • 200 or fewer T-cells • Person gets opportunistic infection Opportunistic infection- infection that develops in a person w/ weak immune system

  22. HIV Infected T-Cells

  23. How HIV Transmitted • Blood • Semen • Vaginal secretions • Breast milk Risk Behavior • Unprotected sex • Sharing needles • Blood transfusion (organs) • Fluids in open wounds - May pass from mother to baby Bryan Jackson video

  24. How HIV NOT transmitted Any other casual contact Hugging Shaking hands Insects Coughing Donating blood World Aids Day

  25. HIV tests EIA- 1st test given screens for HIV antibodies in blood Western Blot – confirms EIA test – detects HIV antibodies Positive Result – HIV Antibodies in blood Negative result – no HIV antibodies * Does not mean not infected can take up to 6 months for antibodies to show up Two Positive Results Get Western Blot Test

  26. 3-2-1 Summarizer • 3- Name 3 examples of Risky behaviors • 2- Give 2 differences between viral and bacterial STI’s • 1- Write 1 STI and give a fact or symptom of that STI

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