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Exploring Amateur Radio Satellites: History, Terminology, and Equipment

Dive into the world of amateur radio satellites with a rich history, terminology guide, and essential equipment recommendations for beginners. Discover satellite types, orbits, and active satellites along with how to earn awards in this exciting hobby.

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Exploring Amateur Radio Satellites: History, Terminology, and Equipment

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  1. AMATEUR RADIO SATELLITES Created by VK2YK - ADAM

  2. AMATEUR RADIO SATELLITES • History • Satellite types • Orbits • What do I need? • Active satellites • Awards • Demo

  3. TERMINOLOGY • OSCAR – Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio • LEO – Low Earth Orbit • HEO – Highly Elliptical Orbit • GEO - Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit • AOS – Acquisition of signal • LOS – Loss of signal • Doppler Shift - The change in frequency of due to the speed of the satellite.

  4. AMATEUR RADIO SATELLITEHISTORY • OSCAR 1 • Launched Dec 1961 (Sputnik launched Oct 1957) • 22 days in orbit • OSCAR 5 • Made by Australian Amateurs in Melbourne launched Jan 1970. • Telemetry only 10m & 2m

  5. AMATEUR RADIO SATELLITEHISTORY • OSCAR 7 • Launched Nov 1974 • Semi operational • Radio Sputnik RS-1 • 1st Russian Amateur satellite – Launched Oct 1978 • OSCAR 10 • 1st Phase 3B – HEO • Launched Jun 1983

  6. AMATEUR RADIO SATELLITEHISTORY • OSCAR 16 • First of the FM transponders • Packet BBS • Launched Jan 1990 • OSCAR 27 • First FM voice transponder • Launched Sep 1993 • OSCAR 35 • First FM transponder build outside USA • Launched Feb 1999

  7. AMATEUR RADIO SATELLITEHISTORY • OSCAR 40 • Phase 3D HEO/GEO • Coverage was 1/3rd of Earth • Launched Nov 2000 • OSCAR 50 • LEO FM – Still operational • Launched Dec 2002 • SO-50 • OSCAR-100 • Present day GEO (Es’hail-2) • Launched Nov 2018 • Coverage Africa & Europe

  8. SATELLITE TYPES • FM transponders – ( cross band repeaters ) • Eg SO-50, AO-85, AO-91 & AO-92 • Linear Transponders • Converts 20kHz - 100kHz of spectrum from one band to another • Allows many QSOs at the same time • Use narrow band modes CW SSB etc. • Usually inverting. Convention is USB on downlink (LSB on uplink)

  9. ORBITS • LEO • Approx 90 min orbit time • 10 to 15 minutes AOS to LOS • HEO • highly elliptical equatorial orbit out to 40,000km • GEO • Geosynchronous Equatorial Orbit – stays in the one spot in reference to Earth.

  10. ORBITS • LEO - FM transponders • SO-50 – Uplink 145.850Mhz & Downlink 436.795Mhz • Downlink requires Doppler frequency adjustment • AOS 10Khz high from centre • At LOS 10Khz low from centre • LEO & GEO - Linear Transponders • Inverting is USB on downlink & LSB on uplink

  11. What do I need? • Basic setup • Dual band FM handheld – 2 preferable for full duplex • Recommend - small beam antenna 2 el 2m & 5 el 70cm • Pass prediction data/software • Online – AMSAT NA • Software - SATPC32 Win, AMSATDroid FREE, ORBITRON Win, GPredict All, MacDoppler MAC, GoSatWatch IOS • Site with list of more software Celestrak

  12. What do I need?

  13. ACTIVE SATELLITES • Linear Transponders -SSB/CW • AO-7 - 70cm Uplink / 2m Downlink & 2m Uplink / 10m Downlink • AO-73 - 70cm Uplink / 2m Downlink • FO-99 - 2m Uplink / 70cm Downlink • EO-88 – 70cm Uplink / 2m Downlink • XW-2 A, B, C – 70cm Uplink / 2m Downlink • FM transponders • SO-50 - 2m Uplink / 70cm Downlink • AO-85 - 70cm Uplink / 2m Downlink • AO-91 - 70cm Uplink / 2m Downlink • AO-92 - 70cm Uplink / 2m Downlink

  14. AWARDS

  15. REFERENCES • AMSAT UK • AMSAT NA • work-sat.com • $4 Satellite Antenna • KA7FVV

  16. QUESTIONS DEMO

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