State and Future of Satellites and Airborne Platforms

1. State and Future of Satellites and Airborne Platforms Mark Schoeberl GSFC

2. Timeline 2005 2010 2015 2020 Aura GeoCAPE and ACE (2013-2016) GACM (2016-2020) • Aura will end about 2013-15 • NAS Missions • GeoCAPE (GEOMAC) is a geostationary mission • GACM (LEOMAC) is a LEO Chemistry Mission • ACE (ACOB) is an aerosol -precip-ocean color mission • Glory (‘09) will have aerosol capability • NPP (‘09) will have aerosol capability and total column ozone (OMPS) • MetOP carries GOME II which has OMI trace gas capability (40 x 80km resolution) and IASI which might measure CO NPP NPOESS Glory MetOP

3. Lifetime Limitation for Aura • Mission life limited by fuel ~ 2013-15 we would move out of orbit to 25 year decay altitude. • Instrument life • OMI - moving parts • TES - life limited by bearing oil, probably will last to 2009 • MLS - moving parts • HIRDLS - moving parts

4. Science Needs • Stratospheric Chemistry 1) Is the stratosphere ozone recovering as expected? • Tropospheric chemistry • How is local and regional pollution affecting global air quality, precipitation and climate? • How is the composition of upper troposphere changing due to change in climate and pollution?

5. Tropospheric Ozone Residual March-April OMI- MLS Trop. Column Average Mixing Ratio

6. Measurement Needs • How is local and regional pollution affecting global air quality,precipitation and climate? • Need to measure all 5 criteria pollutants: O3, SO2, NO2, PM2.5, some hydorcarbon, and CO at high spatial resolution (~5 km). • Need aerosol absorption information for actinic flux and surface radiation calculation. • Need some vertical and temporal information. • Need precipitation information (GPM) • How is the composition of upper troposphere changing due to change in climate and pollution? • Need O3, CO, H2O and aerosol and cloud ice information in the upper trop. • Is the stratosphere ozone recovering as expected? • Need O3 column, O3 profile, plus few trace gases important for strat chemistry (N2O, HNO3, HCL, H2O, Aerosols - minimum).

7. Needed Missions • Stratosphere • Non-SSO LEO mission: launch in ~2012 • VIS/SWIR solar occultation (like SAGE III or POAM) • IR solar occ (like HALOE, ACE). • Troposphere (NAS) missions • GEO Mission: launch in ~2014-6 • Reflected sunlight instrument(s) similar to OMI • High spectral resolution IR instrument to measure mid trop O3 and CO. • LEO Mission: launch in ~2017 • Reflected sunlight instrument(s) similar to OMI • High spectral resolution IR or µ-wave instrument to measure mid trop O3 CO and other gases. • LEO bridge mission to cover gap: launch ~2013

8. Airborne Assets NASA continues to invest in robotic aircraft • Altair • Ikhana (Predator - B) • Global Hawk (future) • G-III • WB-57 • DC-8 • ER-2 Issues with over the horizon control and high data rate downlink exist Piloted Other NASA Aircraft P3, Proteus, B-200, etc.

9. Performance Dryden

10. UAS Demonstrations requiring a stand-alone payload Science mission demos Civil mission demos New science sensors New mission sensors (e.g. see/avoid) UAS Demonstrations requiring the integration of payload and flight controls & automated mission management Autonomous science demos Autonomous civil demos Integrated system management Contingency management Altair / Predator-B Connection Altair (lease) Predator-B (own)

11. Summary • The chemistry community needs to get behind the NAS missions and develop a strategy to add the two needed missions • Airborne activities are increasingly headed toward UAVs - we need to take advantage of this capability instead of complaining

12. End