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Plant Reproduction: Seeds and Flowers Exploration

Learn about plant reproduction through seeds and flowers in this educational guide covering different plant phyla and reproductive structures. Understand the importance of seeds, endosperm, and flower parts in the reproductive success of plants. Discover the diversity of non-vascular plants without seeds and seed-bearing gymnosperms and angiosperms. Ideal for botany enthusiasts and students of biology.

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Plant Reproduction: Seeds and Flowers Exploration

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  1. Seeds and Flowers Plant reproduction

  2. Plants without seeds ☼ Use Spores for reproduction • All Non-vascular plants- E.g. Phylum Hepatophyta (Liverworts) Phylum Anthocerophyta (Hornworts) Phylum Bryophyta (Mosses)

  3. Plants without seeds 2. Phylum Pterophyta (Ferns) (spores in sporangia on underside of fronds) 3. Phylum Psilophyta (whisk ferns) 4. Phylum Lycophyta (Club Mosses) 5. Phylum Sphenophyta (Horsetails)

  4. Plants with seeds • Gymnosperms: (Seeds in cones / scales) (“naked seeds”) a. Phylum Cycadophyta (Cycads E.g. Sago Palm) b. Phylum Gnetophyta (E.g. Ephedra, Welwitschia)

  5. Plants with seeds 2. Gymnosperms c. Phylum Ginkgophyta (Ginkgoes) d. Phylum Coniferophyta (Conifers)

  6. Plants with seeds 2. Angiosperms (Flowering plants) Phylum Anthophyta reproductive structure = flower ☼ seeds form from flowers inside fruit

  7. Seeds Three parts: • Seed coat • Embryo • Endosperm (food storage)

  8. Seeds F(x)s = Improve chances of reproductive success • Have a seed coat a. Protects embryo b. Prevents dehydration 2. Contains food source for growing embryo (Endosperm)

  9. Flowers • All flower parts are modified leaves • F(x) –development & exchange of sperm (pollen) and eggs (ova)

  10. Flower Parts

  11. Flower Parts – F(x)s • Petals – attract pollinators • Sepals – protect bud • Anther-makes pollen • Filament – supports anther • Stigma – traps pollen • Style – supports stigma • Ovary – contains ova (eggs)

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